Provided is an exhaust gas purification catalyst body that can improve exhaust gas purification performance while maintaining favorable PM collection performance. The exhaust gas purification catalyst body includes a base of a wall flow structure having an inlet side cell, an outlet side cell, and porous partition wall, and a catalyst layer that is formed in the partition wall that is in contact with the inlet side cell or the outlet side cell. The catalyst layer is formed in a region of at least 50% of the thickness of the partition wall from a surface of the partition wall, and held on the surface of internal pores in the partition wall in the region.

An exhaust aftertreatment system for an internal combustion engine has an exhaust system having at least one three-way catalyst near the engine, wherein a particulate filter is arranged downstream from the three-way catalyst, preferably in an underbody installation in a motor vehicle. A heated catalyst, which has at least one heating stage that can be heated by means of an electric heating element, is provided upstream from the at least one three-way catalyst and downstream from the particulate filter. The at least one electrically heatable heating stage is supplied with electric power directly from a generator that is operatively connected to the internal combustion engine, so that heating of the heated catalyst takes place essentially independently of the charge status of the vehicle battery.

An LED panel for filtering elements for fluids, in particular air, comprising a supporting element having a main lying surface and supporting a plurality of LEDs. The LED the panel also comprises electrical connection means for the connection of the LEDs to an electricity supply source. The supporting element has a grid-shaped configuration having a plurality of through openings configured to allow the passage of a flow of the fluid through the main lying surface of the LED panel.

Provided is an exhaust gas purification catalyst body that can improve exhaust gas purification performance while maintaining favorable PM collection performance. The exhaust gas purification catalyst body includes a base of a wall flow structure having an inlet side cell, an outlet side cell, and porous partition wall, and a catalyst layer that is formed in the partition wall that is in contact with the inlet side cell or the outlet side cell. The catalyst layer is formed in a region of at least 50% of the thickness of the partition wall from a surface of the partition wall, and held on the surface of internal pores in the partition wall in the region.

The present invention relates to a steam generator comprising: a steam housing which forms the exterior and has a space in which water is stored; a steam heater disposed inside the steam housing and generating heat by means of an applied power; a water pipe disposed on one side of the peripheral surface of the steam housing and having a communication hole through which water is introduced from the outside into the steam housing or water inside the steam housing is discharged to the outside; an air inlet part disposed on the upper surface of the steam housing and having an air inlet through which air is introduced into the steam housing; a steam outlet part disposed on the upper surface of the steam housing apart from the air inlet part by a predetermined distance and having a steam outlet through which steam generated inside the steam housing and the air introduced through the air inlet part are discharged to the outside.

A secondary air system for an aircraft engine comprises an air flow path communicating between a source of pressurized cooling air and an air consuming component. A filter is disposed in the air flow path upstream from the air consuming component. The filter has at least one of: openings of a size selected for capturing suspended particles; and a filter surface material for binding with chemical contaminants.

The present invention provides an air purifier that purifies, disinfect and decontaminate convention air flow by using UV rays. Because the UV rays emitted by the UV light sources are contained within the air purifier, use of the air purifier is safe in that a nearby person can avoid exposure to hazardous UV radiation. Adjustment of operating conditions, such as the UV intensity and wavelength and air speed, is programmable via a remote controller, a smart switch, a smart device, a wireless communication device, a smart home control appliance, a sensing device, and/or a built-in module, which renders the air purifier a smart appliance that may automatically and optimally suits to a user's need based on the user's habit and other physical parameters. Installation and removal of the air purifier, as well as cleaning and replacement of any part thereof, are simple and convenient, as a result of the clever design.

The invention relates to an exhaust gas aftertreatment system for an internal combustion engine, in particular for a gasoline engine that is spark-ignited by means of spark plugs. A first three-way catalytic converter is situated in an exhaust gas system that is connected to an outlet of the internal combustion engine in a position close to the engine. Downstream from the first three-way catalytic converter, a four-way catalytic converter or a combination of a particle filter and a second three-way catalytic converter downstream from the particle filter is situated in the underbody position of the motor vehicle. An exhaust gas burner with which hot exhaust gas is introducible into the exhaust gas system downstream from the first three-way catalytic converter and upstream from the four-way catalytic converter or the particle filter is provided at an exhaust duct of the exhaust gas system. The exhaust gas burner is supplied with fresh air by a secondary air pump. The invention further relates to a method for exhaust aftertreatment of an internal combustion engine having such an exhaust gas aftertreatment system.

The present invention relates to an exhaust gas purification apparatus and an exhaust gas purification method using the same. According to a specific embodiment, the exhaust gas purification apparatus comprises: a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) unit for converting nitrogen oxides (NO.sub.x), contained in an exhaust gas introduced therein through a gas inlet portion, into nitrogen dioxide (NO.sub.2); a composite diesel particulate filter (DPF) unit connected to the rear end of the DOC unit through an inflow line and removing harmful components including particulate substances and nitrogen oxides from the exhaust gas discharged from the DOC unit and introduced therein; and a circulation line disposed in the inflow line so as to introduce the exhaust gas discharged from the DOC unit into the gas inlet portion.

A method of controlling an exhaust system for a diesel engine comprises providing an aftertreatment system comprising a first catalyst and a diesel exhaust fluid injection system, determining a preliminary dose of a diesel exhaust fluid of the diesel exhaust fluid injection system based on an incoming exhaust gas flow and an exhaust gas temperature, determining an NH.sub.3 factor based on incoming exhaust gas oxygen concentration and the incoming exhaust gas flow temperature, and determining a final dose of diesel exhaust fluid by multiplying the preliminary dose of diesel exhaust fluid by the NH.sub.3 factor.