A system, apparatus and process for separating a tritiated heavy water stream into a tritium-lean heavy water stream and a tritium-enriched heavy water stream. Tritiated heavy water (DTO/D2O) is fed to a mid-point of an isotope exchange column. The column contains a hydrophobic solid catalyst to promote exchange of deuterium and tritium. DT/D2 gas flows out of an electrolysis cell and into the first end of the column, concentrating tritium content in the heavy water by counter current flow to produce a tritium-rich heavy water below the feed point and a tritium-lean deuterium gas above. Tritium-rich heavy water flows out the first end of the column and into the electrolysis cell, forming DT/D2 gas and a tritium-enriched heavy water stream. Tritium-lean deuterium gas flows out the second end of the column and into a tritium-lean heavy water unit. Either O2 gas or light water additionally flows into the tritium-lean heavy water unit to form a tritium-lean heavy water.

A system, apparatus and process for separating a tritiated heavy water stream into a tritium-lean heavy water stream and a tritium-enriched heavy water stream. Tritiated heavy water (DTO/D2O) is fed to a mid-point of an isotope exchange column. The column contains a hydrophobic solid catalyst to promote exchange of deuterium and tritium. DT/D2 gas flows out of an electrolysis cell and into the first end of the column, concentrating tritium content in the heavy water by counter current flow to produce a tritium-rich heavy water below the feed point and a tritium-lean deuterium gas above. Tritium-rich heavy water flows out the first end of the column and into the electrolysis cell, forming DT/D2 gas and a tritium-enriched heavy water stream. Tritium-lean deuterium gas flows out the second end of the column and into a tritium-lean heavy water unit. Either O2 gas or light water additionally flows into the tritium-lean heavy water unit to form a tritium-lean heavy water.

A tritium substitution method having a process of adding an organic substance including at least one of an organic acid, an organic acid alkali salt, a water-soluble amino acid, an organic acid to which a water-soluble amino acid alkali salt is added, an organic acid alkali salt, a water-soluble amino acid, and a water-soluble amino acid alkali salt, to radioactive substance-contaminated water containing tritium, a tritium substitution process of circulating fine bubbles in the contaminated water in which the organic substance has been added to cause a reaction of substituting hydrogen in the position of a carboxylic acid group by tritium through an interface of the fine bubbles to produce a tritium-substituted product.

A tritium substitution method having a process of adding an organic substance including at least one of an organic acid, an organic acid alkali salt, a water-soluble amino acid, an organic acid to which a water-soluble amino acid alkali salt is added, an organic acid alkali salt, a water-soluble amino acid, and a water-soluble amino acid alkali salt, to radioactive substance-contaminated water containing tritium, a tritium substitution process of circulating fine bubbles in the contaminated water in which the organic substance has been added to cause a reaction of substituting hydrogen in the position of a carboxylic acid group by tritium through an interface of the fine bubbles to produce a tritium-substituted product.

A tritium substitution method having a process of adding an organic substance including at leasl one of an organic acid, an organic acid alkali salt, a water-soluble amino acid, an organic acid to which a water-soluble amino acid alkali salt is added, an organic acid alkali salt, a water-soluble amino acid, and a water-soluble amino acid alkali salt, to radioactive substance-contaminated water containing tritium, a tritium substitution process of circulating fine bubbles in the contaminated water in which the organic substance has been added to cause a reaction of substituting hydrogen in the position of a carboxylic acid group by tritium through an interface of the fine bubbles to produce a tritium-substituted product.

A tritium substitution method having a process of adding an organic substance including at leasl one of an organic acid, an organic acid alkali salt, a water-soluble amino acid, an organic acid to which a water-soluble amino acid alkali salt is added, an organic acid alkali salt, a water-soluble amino acid, and a water-soluble amino acid alkali salt, to radioactive substance-contaminated water containing tritium, a tritium substitution process of circulating fine bubbles in the contaminated water in which the organic substance has been added to cause a reaction of substituting hydrogen in the position of a carboxylic acid group by tritium through an interface of the fine bubbles to produce a tritium-substituted product.