Disclosed is a hollow fiber filter arrangement and a bioreactor system comprising such a hollow fiber filter arrangement. The hollow fiber filter arrangement comprising: an inlet for receiving a sample to be filtered in the hollow fiber filter arrangement; an outlet for delivering of the filtered sample out from the hollow fiber filter arrangement; a bundle of elongate hollow fibers connected at a first end to the inlet and connected at an opposite second end to the outlet; and an outer housing enclosing the bundle, wherein a filtrate/waste collection space is provided between the outer housing and the at least one elongated hollow fiber, and wherein the outer housing is made from a flexible material.

Disclosed is a hollow fiber filter arrangement and a bioreactor system comprising such a hollow fiber filter arrangement. The hollow fiber filter arrangement comprising: an inlet for receiving a sample to be filtered in the hollow fiber filter arrangement; an outlet for delivering of the filtered sample out from the hollow fiber filter arrangement; a bundle of elongate hollow fibers connected at a first end to the inlet and connected at an opposite second end to the outlet; and an outer housing enclosing the bundle, wherein a filtrate/waste collection space is provided between the outer housing and the at least one elongated hollow fiber, and wherein the outer housing is made from a flexible material.

Disclosed is a method for treating wastewater containing heavy metal. First, the wastewater containing heavy metal is subjected to a homogenization treatment, such that the water quality of the wastewater containing heavy metal from different processes is homogenized. The homogenized wastewater containing heavy metal is subjected to an anaerobic-aerobic circulating treatment in a membrane bioreactor (2), in which heavy metal ions are reduced by the action of microorganisms in the anaerobic treatment process. The membrane bioreactor (2) is filled with a hollow fiber membrane (3) containing a quinone group, which serves as an electron mediator that can accelerate the enzymatic reduction of heavy metal ions during the anaerobic treatment. During the aerobic treatment, the COD and SS in the wastewater are further removed.

In embodiments of the invention, there is provided a dialyzer or filter comprising hollow fibers, in which blood flows on the exterior of the hollow fibers, and dialysate or filtrate may flow on the inside. The external surfaces of the hollow fibers may have properties of smoothness and hemocompatibility. The fiber bundle may have appropriate packing fraction and may have wavy fibers. Optimum shear rates and blood velocities are identified. Geometric features of the cartridge, such as pertaining to flow distribution of the blood, may be different for different ends of the cartridge. Air bleed and emboli traps may be provided. Lengthened service life may be achieved by combinations of these features, which may permit additional therapies and applications or better economics.

In embodiments of the invention, there is provided a dialyzer or filter comprising hollow fibers, in which blood flows on the exterior of the hollow fibers, and dialysate or filtrate may flow on the inside. The external surfaces of the hollow fibers may have properties of smoothness and hemocompatibility. The fiber bundle may have appropriate packing fraction and may have wavy fibers. Optimum shear rates and blood velocities are identified. Geometric features of the cartridge, such as pertaining to flow distribution of the blood, may be different for different ends of the cartridge. Air bleed and emboli traps may be provided. Lengthened service life may be achieved by combinations of these features, which may permit additional therapies and applications or better economics.

The invention concerns a set of tubular elastic coupling bodies arranged opposing at inlet and outlet of a filter cartridge.

The tubular elastic end coupling, comprises a tube end adapted to fit on the filter cartridge inlet/outlet. The elastic end coupling comprises one or more tubular fluid connections for conveying fluid to and from external means for fluid content separation purposes by said membrane filter cartridge.

The invention concerns a set of tubular elastic coupling bodies arranged opposing at inlet and outlet of a filter cartridge.

The tubular elastic end coupling, comprises a tube end adapted to fit on the filter cartridge inlet/outlet. The elastic end coupling comprises one or more tubular fluid connections for conveying fluid to and from external means for fluid content separation purposes by said membrane filter cartridge.

A winding system for winding up concatenated hollow fibers onto a winding core includes a winding core of a device for the mass transfer and/or heat exchange between two media and which winding core is to be inserted together with the hollow fibers wound thereon, into the housing of the device and to remain therein, and at least one coupling element, preferably two coupling elements, wherein the at least one coupling element has two axially opposing connecting regions and is temporarily connectable, by means of the first connecting region, to the winding core for conjoint rotation therewith, and is temporarily connectable, by means of the second connecting region, with a drive for conjoint rotation therewith, the drive being provided for the rotation of the winding core about a winding axis.

A winding system for winding up concatenated hollow fibers onto a winding core includes a winding core of a device for the mass transfer and/or heat exchange between two media and which winding core is to be inserted together with the hollow fibers wound thereon, into the housing of the device and to remain therein, and at least one coupling element, preferably two coupling elements, wherein the at least one coupling element has two axially opposing connecting regions and is temporarily connectable, by means of the first connecting region, to the winding core for conjoint rotation therewith, and is temporarily connectable, by means of the second connecting region, with a drive for conjoint rotation therewith, the drive being provided for the rotation of the winding core about a winding axis.

A two-stage filter enclosed within a single vessel is provided. The two-stage filter is provided in the form of the vessel having a first filtration stage configured to capture particles of a first size, and a second filtration stage downstream of the first filtration stage and in fluid communication with the first filtration stage configured to capture particles of a second size, wherein the first size is larger than the second size. The first filtration stage may comprise a porous media. The second filtration stage may comprise one or more membrane filters.