A piece of substrate material is formed under heat and pressure by a roller against a cavity or platen into a shaped substrate sheet having one or more depressions. Two substrate sheets are bonded together to form a substrate wherein the one or more depressions form one or more interior channels. The substrate is coated with a dope in a casting device having a guide portion corresponding to the shape of the substrate sheets and quenched to form a filtering membrane.

An in vitro release testing (IVRT) device for orally inhaled drug products, for use in an IVRT apparatus, the device having an air-permeable filter loaded with particulate material representing a dose of an orally inhaled drug product. The device has an upper filter support element and a lower filter support element, the loaded filter being circumferentially retained between the upper and lower support elements, a filter cover to cover the upper surface of the loaded filter, and a filter cover retainer provided to assemble and seal the IVRT device.

A device and method for increasing the concentration of an analyte in a fluid sample. The device may include: a housing defining a chamber therein for receiving a fluid sample, a membrane associated with the housing; and a pressure generator operatively connected to the housing to create a pressure gradient across the membrane. When the pressure generator is operated to create the pressure gradient, this causes at least a portion of the fluid sample to move across the membrane. As a result, the fluid sample is separated into a first portion of fluid and a second portion of fluid including said analyte on opposite sides of the membrane. This second portion of fluid by having the analyte present in an amount of fluid that is reduced as compared to the fluid sample prior to the application of pressure - is thus the resulting analyte-concentrated fluid sample.

A tangential flow filtration manifold takes a modular form for interconnection in a manifolded arrangement for aggregating a total filtration area of the aggregate filter (membrane) surface. A plurality of modular TFF cassette filters may be or stacked on the TFF manifold such that it allows the number of interconnected filters, as well as the membrane surface area within each cassette, to be readily reconfigured. A single output, or filtrate connection on the TFF manifold simplifies fluidic plumbing connections for directing and gathering the filtrate (permeate) produced as output.

An air separation device and a refrigerating and freezing device. The air separation device comprises a support frame and an air separation membrane, wherein a supporting surface with a channel and an enriched-gas collection chamber communicated with the channel are formed in the support frame. The air separation membrane laid on the support surface of the support frame and configured to enable more of a specific gas than other gases in airflow of the space around the air separation device to enter the enriched-gas collection chamber through the air separation membrane. According to the air separation device provided by the present invention, the support frame is specially designed to adopt the structure provided with the support surface and the enriched-gas collection chamber, the channel communicated with the enriched-gas collection chamber is formed on the support surface, and the air separation membrane is disposed on the support surface.

A filter device includes one or more filter membranes, and a filter housing enclosing the one or more filter membranes. Each of the filter membranes includes a base membrane and a plurality of through holes.

A filter device includes one or more filter membranes, and a filter housing enclosing the one or more filter membranes. Each of the filter membranes includes a base membrane and a plurality of through holes.

Hemofilters for in vivo filtration of blood are disclosed. The hemofilters disclosed herein provide an optimal flow of blood through the filtration channels while maintaining a pressure gradient across the filtration channel walls to enhance filtration and minimize turbulence and stagnation of blood in the hemofilter.

Tangential flow filtration systems utilizing flexible bags for permeate collection are provided.

There is provided a multi-layered membrane comprising a top layer, a bottom layer, and a spacer layer; wherein said spacer layer is interposed between said top layer and said bottom layer; wherein said top layer, said bottom layer and said spacer layer are each independently composed of one or more selective layers, each selective layer comprising a 2D material; wherein said spacer layer comprises at least one channel for receiving a fluid; wherein said bottom layer comprises a hole with an area in the range of 1 μm.sup.2 to 1 mm.sup.2; and wherein said hole is capable of being in fluid communication with said at least one channels of said spacer layer.

There is also provided a method to synthesize the top layer of a multi-layered membrane as disclosed herein, methods for separating a plurality of ions or molecules in a fluid stream, a device comprising a multi-layered membrane as disclosed herein, and use of the method or the device as disclosed herein in osmotic power generation.