Devices and methods are provided that permit efficient and selective separation of liquid biological specimens into at least two constituent components to facilitate subsequent quantitative and qualitative analysis on at least one analyte of interest in at least one of the components. The devices generally include one or more sample deposition regions supported on a base. Each sample deposition region includes a separation membrane for separating the liquid biological specimen into two different fractions. The first fraction is trapped by the separation membrane while the second fraction passes through the separation membrane and into a respective collection membrane. The separation and collection membranes are easily separable from the devices and can be utilized for further processing and analysis.

The present disclosure discloses an asymmetric electrolyte membrane, a membrane electrode assembly including the same, a water electrolysis apparatus including the same and a method for manufacturing the same. More particularly, it discloses an asymmetric electrolyte membrane having a porous layer and a dense layer at the same time, a membrane electrode assembly including the same, a water electrolysis apparatus including the same and a method for manufacturing the same.

The present disclosure discloses an asymmetric electrolyte membrane, a membrane electrode assembly including the same, a water electrolysis apparatus including the same and a method for manufacturing the same. More particularly, it discloses an asymmetric electrolyte membrane having a porous layer and a dense layer at the same time, a membrane electrode assembly including the same, a water electrolysis apparatus including the same and a method for manufacturing the same.

Stabilized surfactant-based membranes and methods of manufacture thereof. Membranes comprising a stabilized surfactant mesostructure on a porous support may be used for various separations, including reverse osmosis and forward osmosis. The membranes are stabilized after evaporation of solvents; in some embodiments no removal of the surfactant is required. The surfactant solution may or may not comprise a hydrophilic compound such as an acid or base. The surface of the porous support is preferably modified prior to formation of the stabilized surfactant mesostructure. The membrane is sufficiently stable to be utilized in commercial separations devices such as spiral wound modules. Also a stabilized surfactant mesostructure coating for a porous material and filters made therefrom. The coating can simultaneously improve both the permeability and the filtration characteristics of the porous material.

A crosslinked copolymer is provided, which includes a copolymer crosslinked by a crosslinking agent. The copolymer is copolymerized of (a) styrene-based monomer, (b) monomer having conjugated double bonds or acrylate ester monomer, and (c) ammonium-containing heterocyclic monomer. The crosslinking agent is (d) ##STR00001##
or the product of the reaction between ##STR00002##
and (e) ##STR00003##
or a combination thereof. Z is ##STR00004##
wherein each R.sup.1 is independently H or C.sub.1-4 alkyl group, each R.sup.2 is independently H or C.sub.1-4 alkyl group, R.sup.3 is single bond, —O—, —S—, —CH.sub.2—, or —NH—. n is a positive integer. x is 1 to 12, y is 1 to 5, and z is 1 to 5.

A crosslinked copolymer is provided, which includes a copolymer crosslinked by a crosslinking agent. The copolymer is copolymerized of (a) styrene-based monomer, (b) monomer having conjugated double bonds or acrylate ester monomer, and (c) ammonium-containing heterocyclic monomer. The crosslinking agent is (d) ##STR00001##
or the product of the reaction between ##STR00002##
and (e) ##STR00003##
or a combination thereof. Z is ##STR00004##
wherein each R.sup.1 is independently H or C.sub.1-4 alkyl group, each R.sup.2 is independently H or C.sub.1-4 alkyl group, R.sup.3 is single bond, —O—, —S—, —CH.sub.2—, or —NH—. n is a positive integer. x is 1 to 12, y is 1 to 5, and z is 1 to 5.

Provided is a method for manufacturing a porous body by which a porous body having a plurality of layers different from each other in pore diameter can be manufactured more easily than before. The method includes heating a raw material solution including a metal ion and an organic ligand to synthesize an interpenetrated metal-organic framework layer; and after synthesizing the interpenetrated metal-organic framework layer, synthesizing a non-interpenetrated metal-organic framework layer under conditions in which concentrations of the metal ion and the organic ligand in the raw material solution and/or a heat temperature are lower than that in synthesizing the interpenetrated metal-organic framework, to obtain a porous body including the interpenetrated metal-organic framework layer and the non-interpenetrated metal-organic framework layer stacked together.

Provided is a method for manufacturing a porous body by which a porous body having a plurality of layers different from each other in pore diameter can be manufactured more easily than before. The method includes heating a raw material solution including a metal ion and an organic ligand to synthesize an interpenetrated metal-organic framework layer; and after synthesizing the interpenetrated metal-organic framework layer, synthesizing a non-interpenetrated metal-organic framework layer under conditions in which concentrations of the metal ion and the organic ligand in the raw material solution and/or a heat temperature are lower than that in synthesizing the interpenetrated metal-organic framework, to obtain a porous body including the interpenetrated metal-organic framework layer and the non-interpenetrated metal-organic framework layer stacked together.

A spin dope composition produces a polymeric fiber useful in non-cryogenic gas separation. The composition includes polysulfone as the polymeric component, two solvents, in which the polymer is soluble, and a non-solvent, in which the polymer is insoluble. The solvents preferably include N-methyl-pyrrolidone (NMP) and N,N-dimethyl acetamide (DMAC), and the non-solvent preferably includes triethylene glycol (TEG). Fibers made from the present composition have been found to exhibit superior properties of gas flux and selectivity, as compared with fibers made from spin dopes having only one solvent component.

The present invention relates to a process for separation of oxyresveratrol molecule from the extracted solution of Artocarpus lakoocha Roxb. through membrane application. The product can be obtained in excellent yield upto 81% in case of extraction using water as solvent and can be separated from the extracted mixture upto 98% using indigenously developed nanofiltration membrane. Only the desired Trans isomer is obtained and no cis isomerisation takes place during the extraction process.