The present invention provides a system and methods for filtering fluid using filter papers, stationary paper, cloth sheets or any other porous material. In one embodiment, the present invention uses the lateral flow direction along the porous sheets, instead of conventional vertical flow direction, for the removal of bacteria and particle contamination in the range from nanometers to millimeters. The pore sizes in the filter media along the lateral direction are modulated by controlling the compression of the porous sheets, instead of conventionally designing filters with different pore sizes. The lateral flow fluid filter system is scalable simply by increasing the feed area, feed length, and the number of porous sheets. The invention presents a universal fluid filtration system for wide range of applications such as water purification, food processing, chemical industry, oil and gas industry, and biological applications.

The present invention solves the problem of environmental pollution created by animal waste and converting animal waste to reusable water in the earth. The invention does this by a device that is capable of receiving animal waste and breaking down the waste into different components by the help of a decomposing catalyst such as a septic pack, filtering the resulting solution and finally producing a filtered liquid that enters the earth being cleansed by the process. The present invention comprises a filter device, a tank unit, a filter unit, a first opening positioned on a top surface of the tank unit; a second opening positioned on a bottom surface of the tank unit; wherein the tank unit is capable of receiving animal waste through the first opening; at least one hole at a bottom surface of the filter unit; wherein the tank unit is placed over the filter unit.

A paving element includes upper and lower surfaces and one or more drainage channels extending through the paving element between the upper and lower surfaces. The drainage channels include a substantially concave or cupule shaped upper portion, provided on the upper surface of the paving element, and a channel from the concave portion through to the lower surface of the bottom surface of the paving element. The drainage channels can be complete, when provided in the interior of the paving element, or partial, when provided along the sides or perimeter of the paving element. The partial channels are completed when the paving element is placed adjacent another paving element when forming a pavement. The drainage channels are adapted to facilitate the cleaning process of the channels.

Provided herein are portable apparatus as well as methods of analyzing an injection fluid using these portable apparatus. In some embodiments, the injection fluid can contain a polymer, but a polymer is not necessary. For example, the portable apparatus and methods may be used to determine viscosity, long term injectivity, filter ratio, or any combination thereof of the injection fluid.

The invention relates to a clearing apparatus (I), especially for clearing and/or maintaining of filter basins (7), consisting of at least one carrier (1), at least one undercarriage (2), at least one removal device (3), at least one driving device (4) and at least one pushing or guiding device (10), wherein the removal device (3) is situated in the front and/or before the undercarriage (2) and/or in front of an axle (21) of the undercarriage (2) in the travel and/or removal direction (a), the pushing or guiding device (10) is provided at the rear in the travel and/or removal direction (a), and wherein the removal device (3) comprises a platform (32) on which a drivable or driven removal means is circulating, such as a drivable or driven flexible circulating chain (31) and/or a flexible circulating belt (31), in order to remove material from a bottom (71) of the filter basin (7), transport it away and/or dispose of it.

A modular distribution assembly comprises a top plate and a bottom plate, each of the top plate and the bottom plate comprises a plurality of recesses. A plurality of support members are slidably coupled to each of the top plate and the bottom plate, each support member of the plurality of support members comprising a protrusion on each of opposing sides thereof, each protrusion slidably coupled to a corresponding recess of the top plate and a corresponding recess of the bottom plate. Related assemblies comprising the modular distribution assembly and related methods of forming the modular distribution assembly and the assembly are disclosed.

A method for refilling an aquifer includes establishing an air extraction well into the aquifer. The aquifer includes a water table of groundwater. A vacuum pump is coupled in flow communication to the air extraction well. The vacuum pump is then activated to remove air from the aquifer, thereby reducing a subsurface air pressure and facilitating refilling the aquifer with groundwater.

An apparatus for removing impurities from water and/or wastewater and a method of installing a fluid distribution system in the apparatus. In the most preferred form of the invention, the fluid distribution system is an air scour system for directing air through the filter bed to assist in cleaning of the filter bed to remove impurities trapped in the filter bed during a service run. In the most preferred form, the method of installing the fluid distribution system in the filter bed is performed by imparting a force to the filter bed to permit the fluid distribution system to be installed in the filter bed without removing media. The fluid distribution system is preferably configured to permit the fluid distribution system to be readily installed in the filter bed and at an optimum orientation.

A filtered drinking straw for providing on demand filtered drinking water is presented herein. The straw includes an elongated body defining a first end, a second end and an internal passage disposed there between. At least one filter is positioned within the internal passage of the body for reducing an amount of impurities that may be contained in the fluid as the fluid flows there through. The filter may include a core with a mix of granulated materials such as activated granulated carbon, chlorine grain, and zeolite. One or more retention structures may also be provided for retaining the filter within the body of the straw. The retention structure(s) include one or more internal projections, a mouth cap and/or end cap.

A filtration system for filtering liquid. The filtration system includes a vessel and a filtering media within the vessel. The vessel contains an underdrain at the bottom to drain the filtered liquid coming in from the top of the vessel. A drain port is provided at the bottom of the vessel in order to provide ease of access for maintenance and replacement of the underdrain. The system disclosed provides ease of maintenance thus aiding in the prevention of corrosion.