A water quality-upgrading device includes a container having an inner peripheral wall defining a receiving chamber and two opposite ends respectively defining an inlet and an outlet; at least one water molecule refinement layer disposed in said receiving chamber; two filtering sheets disposed at said inlet and said outlet of said container respectively; and wherein, when water flows into said receiving chamber, said water molecule refinement layer is capable of reducing dimension of water molecules so as to spread said finer water molecules on an oil sludge stained on a substance such that said finer water molecules penetrate into gaps formed between the oil sludge and an external surface of the substance, thereby reducing contact area amount and simultaneously weakening a bonding property between the oil sludge and the external surface of the substance to facilitate removal of the oil sludge off the substance by of a wiping cloth.

A device for filtering and separating pressurized liquid mixtures by means of a membrane includes a substantially pressure-tight container in which the membranes are accommodated in a pressure-tight manner. The container has at least one intake for the mixture, as well as at least one outlet for the permeate separated from the mixture by means of the membranes, and at least one outlet for the retentate, also referred to as a concentrate. The pressure-tight container is made of plastic.

Nonwoven material, self-supporting filter media and filters, such as residential and commercial air filters, are provided that comprise a plurality of fibers with a silicone-based coating. The silicone-based coating comprises a silicone compound having an add-on weight of at least about 1.0 gsm. The silicone-based coating increases the efficiency of the filter media at capturing contaminants, particularly contaminants in the E2 and E3 particle group range, without compromising other important characteristics of the filter, such as longevity, dust holding capacity, pressure drop or air permeability. In addition, the filter media allows for the production of self-supporting filters having a Minimum Efficiency Reporting Value of at least MERV 8 that are fully incinerable because they do not include a metal wire backing to hold the shape of the pleats.

An aerosol-generating system, comprising: an aerosol generating substrate; an air inlet (16); an air outlet (28); an airflow passage (22) extending from the air inlet to the air outlet; an atomisation chamber (23) within the airflow passage; an aerosol-generating element within the atomisation chamber configured to atomize the aerosol-generating substrate to generate an aerosol; and an inlet filter (24) in the airflow passage between the air inlet and the atomisation chamber. Advantageously, the inlet filter is configured to allow for a flow of air into the airflow passage from the air inlet, through the inlet filter, but configured to prevent liquid, or liquid droplets greater than a predetermined size, within the airflow passage from passing through the inlet filter towards the air inlet.

The present disclosure relates to a porous liquid or a porous liquid enzyme system that includes a high surface area solid and a liquid film substantially covering the high surface area solid. The porous liquid or porous liquid enzyme may be contacted with a fluid that is immiscible with the liquid film such that a liquid-fluid interface is formed. The liquid film may facilitate mass transfer of a substance or substrate across the liquid-fluid interface. The present disclosure also provides methods of performing liquid-based extractions and enzymatic reactions utilizing the porous liquid or porous liquid enzyme of the present disclosure. The present disclosure also provides methods for selecting the components of the porous liquid or a porous liquid enzyme system and methods of self-replenishing the used liquid coating.