The disclosure relates to a method of forming a coated monolith article for the treatment of an exhaust gas. The method comprises the steps of: retaining a porous monolith article in a coating apparatus, the porous monolith article comprising a plurality of channels for the passage of an exhaust gas, each channel having a gas-contacting surface; depositing cementitious particles as a dry powder onto the gas-contacting surface of at least some of the channels; and reacting the cementitious particles with a liquid or gaseous reagent in situ within the porous monolith article to provide the coated monolith article.

Described herein is an antiviral face mask and methods of use thereof to inactivate a virus in contact with the face mask. The face mask may include a fibrous material with silicon nitride powder impregnated therein and a layer surrounding the fibrous material. In some embodiments, silicon nitride is present in the fibrous material at a concentration of about 30 wt. % to about 50 wt. %.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a filter having excellent filtration rate and excellent permeability and a method for producing the same. To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a filter comprising a porous metal support having the first pore size; and a metal coating layer formed on the support and having the second pore size smaller than the first pore size, wherein the coating layer has a three-dimensional pore structure by bonding flake-shaped metal powders. The present invention also provides a method for producing the filter. According to the present invention, as the flake-shaped second powders form a coating layer, the porosity increases and the permeability increases, and as the flow channel becomes more complicated, the filtration rate also increases.

The present invention is generally related to a high capacity, high efficiency nonwoven filtration media comprising a gradient pore structure. In particular, the filtration media can comprise thermoplastic synthetic microfibers, fibrillated fibers, staple fibers, and a binder. Furthermore, the filtration media may be produced without the use of glass fibers or microglass fibers. Consequently, the filtration media of the present invention does not cause the same issues as conventional filtration media that comprises glass fibers and/or microglass fibers. Moreover, the filtration media can be used to treat fuel, lubrication fluids, hydraulic fluids, and various other industrial gases.

A composite multi-layer textile, comprising at least one nanofibre layer with nanofibres with diameters below 100 nm and one support layer with microfibres with diameters below three microns, wherein the layers were produced by electrospinning. The multi-layer textile shows a general transmittance at #=550 nm greater than 60%, which shows improved properties concerning transparency, breathability and robustness. This is achieved in that the at least one nanofibre layer and the support layer are fused, forming solid domains in the multi-layer textile, at closed areas of a pattern used in the production process, wherein the solid domains are separated from each other or connected, showing defined shapes, with regular or irregular spatial distribution, while the fibre morphology of nanofibres of the nanofibre layer and microfibres of support layer is preserved on top of the open areas beside the solid domains, attaining a general transmittance greater than that given by the sum of the individual layers.

The invention relates to a filtering material permeable to air and impermeable to oral, nasal and/or ocular human liquid aqueous excretions, comprising at least one bundle, referred to as a hydrophobic bundle, of at least two hydrophobic sheets which are superimposed and each formed by porous paper, having a gsm substance less than 30 g/m.sup.2, each hydrophobic sheet being formed by cellulose fibres, referred to as cross-linked cellulose fibres, which are connected to each other by hydrogen bonds and by covalent bonds which are formed with at least one group of cross-linking atoms, characterised in that at least some of the hydroxyls of the cross-linked cellulose fibres which are not engaged in hydrogen bonds and which are accessible to the gases form a covalent bond with an acyl group with a hydrophobic chain.

Some embodiments of the teachings herein include a fiber material for antibacterial and/or antiviral use. The fiber material may comprise: a metallic silver; and manganese(IV) oxide.

The present invention provides for a process for synthesis of carbon beads comprising sub-micron size, micron size or milli size. The process enables modulation of the viscous slurry for synthesis of the carbon beads with improved physico-chemical properties. The process enhances ability of the carbon beads to withstand extreme pH and high temperatures. The present invention also provides a composition for synthesis of the carbon beads. The present invention also provides a microfluidic droplet generator for synthesizing the carbon beads. The carbon beads synthesized by the present invention are applicable in separation, filtration, purification, wires and cables, electrodes, sensor, composite and additive manufacturing, pharmaceutical delivery applications.

Disclosed are a wet non-woven fabric, the use of the wet non-woven fabric as a supporting layer of a water treatment membrane, a method for preparing the wet non-woven fabric, and a water treatment membrane containing the wet non-woven fabric. The wet non-woven fabric has an average pore size of no greater than 20 .Math.m, a maximum pore size of no greater than 40 .Math.m, and a maximum pore size/average pore size ratio of no less than 1 and no greater than 12.

The present invention provides a filter material comprising an antistatic substrate having a predefined antistatic capacity, and one or more layers of nanofibers applied on the substrate. The one or more layers of nanofibers may be fabricated to have gradient structure in various parameters including thickness of nanofiber layer, nanofiber pore size, nanofiber diameter, nanofiber content and the like to suit different filtration applications. The present invention also provides a face mask comprising the filter material and a method for making the filter material.