The present invention relates to novel molecules suitable to the use in the separation/removal of carbon dioxide from gaseous mixtures as liquid-phase carbon dioxide absorbers and suitable to allow the subsequent release of the absorbed carbon dioxide in form of different ionic liquids, preferentially a glycine salt with choline hexanoate, ester between glycine and hexanoic alcohol (hexyl glycinate) and glycerol ester with glycine and hexanoic acid. The present invention also relates to a method and a plant for the capture of carbon dioxide from gaseous mixtures by using an absorber for carbon dioxide in liquid phase with a heating jacket.

Mercury is removed from a mercury-containing hydrocarbon fluid feed by utilizing ionic liquids. The mercury-containing hydrocarbon fluid feed is contacted with a metallate salt immobilized on a solid support material. A hydrocarbon fluid product having a reduced mercury content compared to the mercury-containing fluid feed is separated from the ionic liquid.

Amines and amine derivatives that improve the buffering range, and/or reduce the chelation and other negative interactions of the buffer and the system to be buffered. The reaction of amines or polyamines with various molecules to form polyamines with differing pKa's extend the buffering range resulting in polyamines that have the same pKa yields a greater buffering capacity. Derivatives that result in zwitterionic buffers improve yield by allowing a greater range of stability.

Disclosed are systems and methods which provide a process stream comprising a gaseous component, capture the gaseous component from the process stream by an ionic liquid solvent of a separator, and recover a captured gaseous component from the ionic liquid solvent in a regenerator. A second gaseous component from the process stream may be captured by the ionic liquid solvent of the separator, and the second gaseous component may be recovered from the ionic liquid solvent in the regenerator. Alternatively, the second gaseous component from the process stream may be uncaptured by the ionic liquid solvent, and the uncaptured second gaseous component may be recovered from a membrane unit.

A method and an integrated system for reducing CO.sub.2 emissions in industrial processes. The method and integrated system (100) capture carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2) gas from a first gas stream (104) with a chemical absorbent to produce a second gas stream (106) having a higher concentration of carbon monoxide (CO) gas and a lower concentration of CO.sub.2 gas as compared to first gas stream. The CO gas in the second gas stream is used to produce C.sub.5 to C.sub.20 hydrocarbons in an exothermic reaction (108) with hydrogen (H.sub.2) gas (138). At least a portion of the heat generated in the exothermic reaction is used to regenerate the chemical absorbent with the liberation of the CO.sub.2 gas (128) captured from the first gas stream. Heat captured during the exothermic reaction can, optionally, first be used to generate electricity, wherein the heat remaining after generating electricity is used to thermally regenerate the chemical absorbent.

A process for separating a vapor from a gas is disclosed. A cryogenic liquid is provided to an inlet of a froth flotation device. A carrier gas is provided to a gas distributor of the froth flotation device. The carrier gas comprises a product vapor. Bubbles of the carrier gas are produced and passed through the cryogenic liquid in the froth flotation device. A portion of the product vapor desublimates, condenses, crystallizes, or a combination thereof to produce a solid product and a product-depleted carrier gas. Bubbles of the product-depleted carrier gas collect the solid product as a froth concentrate. The froth concentrate is removed by overflowing out of the froth flotation device.

The invention relates to a method for separating water from a gaseous working medium (2), at least the following steps being carried out: providing an ionic hygroscopic liquid (4) in a reaction chamber (3); supplying the water-containing working medium (2) and conducting the working medium (2) through the ionic liquid (4), wherein water bonds with the ionic liquid (4) and is thereby separated from the working medium; and discharging the dried working medium (7). The invention further relates to a corresponding water separator (1) and to a water separator system (15).

Disclosed herein are methods for CO.sub.2 capture that use phase change ionic liquids (PCILs) to remove the CO.sub.2 from flue gas or other gas streams containing CO.sub.2. PCILs have high CO.sub.2 uptake and form a liquid PCIL-CO.sub.2 complex when they react with C( ).sub.2. When the liquid PCIL-CO.sub.2 complex is heated to regenerate the solid PCIL material by removing the carbon dioxide, part of the heat needed to release the CO.sub.2 can be supplied by the heat of fusion of the PCIL as it solidifies. Utilization of the heat of fusion of the PCIL to assist in its own regeneration can substantially reduce the parasitic energy loss associated with post-combustion CO.sub.2 capture.

A contaminant removal system includes a scrubber and an ionic liquid regeneration assembly. The scrubber is configured to absorb a contaminant from an air stream into an ionic liquid sorbent in an ionic liquid mixture. The ionic liquid regeneration assembly is configured to desorb the contaminant from the ionic liquid sorbent and remove liquid water from the ionic liquid mixture. The ionic liquid regeneration assembly may include a stripper for desorbing the contaminant and one or more reverse osmosis (RO) or nanofiltration (NF) membranes for removing the liquid water from the ionic liquid mixture.

A carbon dioxide conversion system for an environment includes a first gas-liquid contactor-separator downstream of the environment; an electrochemical conversion cell downstream of the first gas-liquid contactor-separator; and a cleaned ionic liquid storage intermediate the first gas-liquid contactor-separator and the electrochemical conversion cell.