The present description relates to a process for producing magnesium metal from dihydrate magnesium chloride comprising the steps of dehydrating MgCI.sub.2.2H.sub.2O with anhydrous hydrochloric acid (HCI) to obtain anhydrous magnesium chloride in an inert environment, releasing the mixture of hydrous HCI and protection gas; and electrolyzing the anhydrous magnesium chloride in an electrolytic cell fed with hydrogen gas under free oxygen atmosphere content, wherein magnesium metal and anhydrous hydrogen chloride are produced, wherein a part of the hydrous HCI is passed through a scrubbing unit to obtain a hydrochloric acid solution, the other part of the hydrochloric chloride gas is dehydrated by contact with a desiccant agent in a drying unit to produce anhydrous HCI, and wherein the anhydrous HCI produced by at least one of the electrolytic cell and the drying unit is reused to dehydrate the of MgCI.sub.2.2H.sub.2O.

A method for capturing halocarbon from a gas, the method comprising processing gas containing halocarbon with material which is undamaged by exposure to supercritical fluid. A method for reclaiming halocarbon from a material, the method comprising exposing the material to a supercritical fluid. A module for processing a gas containing halocarbon, the module comprising material for capturing halocarbon from a gas, wherein the module is arranged to withstand supercritical fluid.

A process for treating a composition comprising one or more desired (hydro)fluoroolefins and one or more undesired halogenated ethanes, halogenated methanes or mixtures thereof so as to reduce the concentration of at least one undesired halogenated ethane or halogenated methane, the process comprising contacting the composition with an adsorbent comprising pores having openings which have a size across their largest dimension of about 6 or less.

A family of optimised cyclones has been surprisingly detected, when incorporating into cyclone calculation the interparticle agglomeration phenomenon, the main cause of the capture of submicrometric particles by greater particles preferably having diameters of 10-20 m, the family of optimised cyclones having a geometry defined by the following non-dimensional parameters: a/D 0.110-0.170; b/D 0.110-0.170; s/D 0.500-0.540; D e/D 0.100-0.170; h/D 2.200-2.700; H/D 3.900-4.300; D b/D 0.140-0.180, wherein a and b are the sides of the tangential cyclone entrance, which has a rectangular cross-section, and the first of these sides is parallel to the axis of the cyclone, which has a body of height H with a cylindrical upper section having an inner diameter D and a height h, and a lower section with an inverted truncated cone shape with a minor base having the diameter D b; and a cylindrical vortex tube of height s and diameter De (inner dimensions). Global efficiency is maximised in that the efficiency for finer and/or less dense particles, which are the most difficult to capture, is maximised.

According to one embodiment, a magnesium-recycling hydrogen generation system includes: a by-product acquisition unit that separates a by-product from a post-reaction solution, which is a solution after reacting with a hydrogen generation material containing a hydrogen-containing magnesium compound that generates hydrogen via a reaction with the solution, to acquire the by-product including more than one type of oxygen-containing magnesium compound that contains oxygen produced by the reaction, a raw material production unit that reacts the by-product with a halogen-containing substance containing halogen and other atoms than the halogen to produce a raw material containing magnesium halide, a hydrogen generation material production unit that reduces the raw material with plasma containing hydrogen to produce the hydrogen generation material, and a hydrogen generator that reacts the hydrogen generation material with the solution to generate hydrogen.

A high-purity chlorine dioxide gas may use hydrogen peroxide as a reducing agent and may use horizontal generator, evaporation crystallizer, dryer and other devices to produce chlorine dioxide gas (product) and sodium sulfate (by-product). Compared to the conventional chlorine dioxide preparation system, the chlorine dioxide reaction and the sodium sulfate crystallization are performed in two processes. These processes are relatively separate and independent, and continuously produce chlorine dioxide gas with high purity and low moisture content while the by-product salt cake is evaporated, crystallized, filtered and dried, thereby producing sodium sulfate, without generating solid and liquid waste.

A process for treating a composition comprising one or more desired (hydro)fluoroolefins and one or more undesired halogenated ethanes, halogenated methanes or mixtures thereof so as to reduce the concentration of at least one undesired halogenated ethane or halogenated methane, the process comprising contacting the composition with an adsorbent comprising pores having openings which have a size across their largest dimension of about 6 A or less.

A hydrogen fluoride gas removal device has: a hydrogen fluoride gas removal treatment machine that is configured to perform a treatment of removing hydrogen fluoride gas from the mixed gas by bringing the mixed gas into contact with a removal agent for removing the hydrogen fluoride gas from the mixed gas; a removal agent supply machine that is configured to supply the removal agent to the hydrogen fluoride gas removal treatment machine; a removal agent recycling treatment machine that is configured to perform a recycling treatment on the used removal agent to improve hydrogen fluoride gas removal performance of the removal agent; and a recycling-treated removal agent transport machine that is configured to transport the recycling-treated removal agent to supply the removal agent to the removal agent supply machine.

The invention relates to a system for separating and storing molecules, atoms and/or ions from air, wherein at least one air collecting means comprises at least one collecting tank configured to receive molecules, atoms and/or ions separated from air through an inlet and at least one membrane adapted to fit in the inlet of the collecting tank and configured to let a specified pre-determined size of molecules, atoms and/or ions to pass through the at least one membrane. The system further comprises at least one storing tank for storing the separated molecules, atoms and/or ions, and at least one outlet. The system according to the invention can be used to utilize the energy present in such molecules or separate unwanted gases present in the air.

A high-purity chlorine dioxide gas may use hydrogen peroxide as a reducing agent and may use horizontal generator, evaporation crystallizer, dryer and other devices to produce chlorine dioxide gas (product) and sodium sulfate (by-product). Compared to the conventional chlorine dioxide preparation system, the chlorine dioxide reaction and the sodium sulfate crystallization are performed in two processes. These processes are relatively separate and independent, and continuously produce chlorine dioxide gas with high purity and low moisture content while the by-product salt cake is evaporated, crystallized, filtered and dried, thereby producing sodium sulfate, without generating solid and liquid waste.