This invention relates to a Cu-BTC MOF which is water stable. The Cu-BTC MOF has open coordination sites and has been post synthesis modified by partially occupying the open sites with a ligand such as acetonitrile (CH.sub.3CN). The resultant MOF retains at least 40% of its as synthesized surface area after exposure to liquid water at 60 C. for 6 hours. This is an unexpected result versus the MOF which has not been post treated with ligands such as acetonitrile. This MOF can be used to abate contaminants such as ammonia in gas streams and especially air streams.

A process and facility for producing gaseous methane by purifying biogas from landfill can include a VOC purification unit, at least one membrane, a CO.sub.2 purification unit, a cryodistillation unit comprising a heat exchanger and a distillation column, a deoxo, and a dryer.

Commercially beneficial carbon-containing fractions can be recovered from hydrothermal liquefaction reactions in various types of processors. Feedstock slurry from waste solids is placed into a pressurized processor where it is maintained at temperature and pressure for a predetermined period. On discharge from the processor the processed discharge is separated into liquid and solid fractions. Gaseous fractions including carbon dioxide can also be removed or off-taken from the processor. New molecular structures are created in this reaction, resulting in fractions including biogas, biofuels, biosolids and biocrude. Silica, phosphates, potash and low concentration nitrogen based fertilizer, along with carbonaceous material can also be recovered.

A biogas combustion system that obtains a stable output and saves energy is realized. A combustion system comprises a separation portion 14 that removes carbon dioxide from a treatment target gas containing a mixture gas containing methane as a main component and containing carbon dioxide to obtain methane gas of a high purity in which at least a content of carbon dioxide has been reduced, and a combustion portion 15 that combusts the methane gas. The separation portion 14 includes a first treatment chamber 11 and a second treatment chamber 12 separated from each other by a separation membrane 13 therebetween. The separation membrane 13 selectively allows the carbon dioxide in the treatment target gas supplied to the first treatment chamber 11 to pass therethrough to the second treatment chamber 12 to obtain a first separation gas having a higher methane purity than the treatment target gas in the first treatment chamber 11 and a second separation gas containing the carbon dioxide in the treatment target gas in the second treatment chamber 12.

The invention provides a device and system for decomposing and oxidizing of gaseous pollutants. A novel reaction portion reduces particle formation in fluids during treatment, thereby improving the defect of particle accumulation in a reaction portion. Also, the system includes the device, wherein a modular design enables the system to have the advantage of easy repair and maintenance.

A purge gas feeding means, an abatement system comprising such a means and a method of modifying an abatement system to include such a purge gas feeding means is disclosed. The purge gas feeding means comprises a plurality of paths running from an outer perimeter of the purge gas feeding means to an inner surface, the inner surface comprising a purge gas outlet for outputting the purge gas into the abatement system; wherein a cross sectional area of the plurality of paths increases from the outer perimeter to the inner surface such that a pressure of the purge gas falls flowing along the paths drops.

Various embodiments disclosed relate to extraction of target materials using a CZTS sorbent. A method of extracting a target material from a medium includes contacting a copper zinc tin sulfur (CZTS) sorbent with the target material in the medium including the target material to form a used CZTS sorbent that includes the target material.

The invention relates to a method for purifying a gaseous, liquid or aerosol composition, containing at least one pollutant consisting of a volatile inorganic compound (VIC), a siloxane and/or a functional volatile organic compound (Pollution Trap Concept or P.T.C. System).

A phosphorus compound-containing exhaust gas purifying catalyst includes: a refractory three-dimensional structure extending from a gas inflow side end surface to a gas outflow side end surface, the refractory three-dimensional structure having cell walls that define and form multiple gas flow paths, the gas flow paths running from the gas inflow side end surface to the gas outflow side end surface; a lower catalyst layer that contains Pd and is formed continuously from the gas inflow side end surface on the cell walls; a gas inflow side upper catalyst layer that contains Rh and is located as an uppermost layer on the cell walls; and a gas outflow side upper catalyst layer that contains Rh and is located as an uppermost layer on the cell walls.

Embodiments disclosed herein include an abatement system for abating compounds produced in semiconductor processes. The abatement system includes an exhaust cooling apparatus located downstream of a plasma source. The exhaust cooling apparatus includes a plate and a cooling plate disposed downstream of the plate. During operation, materials collected on the plate react with cleaning radicals to form a gas. The temperature of the plate is higher than the temperature of the cooling plate in order to improve the reaction rate of the reaction of the cleaning radicals and the materials on the plate.