Provided herein are water harvesting systems, as well as methods of making and using such systems, for capturing water from surrounding air using a design that reduces overall energy costs of the systems and improve water harvesting cycle efficiency. The systems and methods use sorbent materials, such as metal-organic frameworks, to adsorb water from the air. The systems and methods desorb this water in the form of water vapor, and the water vapor is condensed into liquid water and collected. The liquid water is suitable for use as drinking water.

The fluid chamber system can include: a chamber housing, a capture medium, an internal support structure, and/or any other suitable components. The system can optionally include a thermal management system. However, the system can additionally or alternatively include any other suitable set of components. The system preferably functions to direct an input fluid (e.g., vehicle exhaust) through the capture medium and/or harvest one or more target species (e.g., carbon dioxide) from the input fluid (e.g., vehicle exhaust).

An atmospheric water generation system comprises water vapor consolidation systems configured to increase the relative humidity of a controlled air stream prior to condensing water from the controlled air stream. The water vapor consolidation system comprises a fluid-desiccant flow system configured to decrease the temperature of the desiccant to encourage water vapor to be absorbed by the desiccant from an atmospheric air flow. The desiccant flow is then heated to encourage water vapor evaporation from the desiccant flow into a controlled air stream that circulates within the system. The humidity of the controlled air stream is thereby increased above the relative humidity of the atmospheric air to facilitate condensation of the water vapor into usable liquid water.

Systems and methods are provided for using oxycombustion to provide heat within a reverse flow reactor environment. The oxygen for the oxycombustion can be provided by oxygen stored in an oxygen storage component in the reactor. By using an oxygen storage component to provide the oxygen for combustion during the regeneration step, heat can be added to a reverse flow reactor while reducing or minimizing addition of diluents and while avoiding the need for an air separation unit. As a result, a regeneration flue gas can be formed that is substantially composed of CO.sub.2 and/or H.sub.2O without requiring the additional cost of creating a substantially pure oxygen-containing gas flow.

An adsorbent bed, including at least one elementary composite structure that includes adsorbent particles in a polymer matrix, wherein the adsorbent bed has a bed packing, ρ.sub.bed, defined as a volume occupied by the at least one elementary composite structure V.sub.ecs divided by a volume of the adsorbent bed V.sub.bed where ρ.sub.bed is greater than 0.60.

A closed-loop nitrogen transport system including a first transfer line configured for nitrogen pressure conveyance of a polymer fluff from at least one upstream vessel to at least one downstream vessel, a second transfer line configured to return a nitrogen gas stream comprising primarily nitrogen from the at least one downstream vessel to the at least one upstream vessel, a conveyor blower operable to provide flow throughout the closed loop, and a treatment unit operable to remove hydrocarbons from at least a portion of the nitrogen gas stream comprising primarily nitrogen, to provide a purified nitrogen stream.

A water sorption device includes a catalytic combustor configured to, in a desorption state, combust a hydrocarbon fuel mixture to generate heat; a thermoelectric generator configured to, in the desorption state, generate electricity from a first portion of the heat from the catalytic combustor; and an adsorber configured to in an adsorption state, adsorb water from ambient air from an environment and in the desorption state, desorb the adsorbed water as vapor using a second portion of the heat from the catalytic combustor.

Novel methods for pretreating a rare-gas-containing stream exiting an etch chamber followed by recovering the rare gas from the pre-treated, rare-gas containing stream are disclosed. More particularly, the invention relates to the pretreatment and recovery of a rare gas, such as xenon or krypton, from a nitrogen-based exhaust stream with specific gaseous impurities generated during an etch process that is performed as part of a semiconductor fabrication process.

An air dryer includes a pair of main air dryer dehumidification tanks in which a dehumidification process and a regeneration process are alternately performed; a main compressor for compressing wet air to supply the wet air to an inlet line; a first direction switching valve unit; a regeneration special dryer; a second direction switching valve unit; a heating unit; and a cooler, wherein a path of cooled dry air passing through the cooler is connected to the inlet line.

An air drying system includes a regeneration special dryer and at least one air dryer unit. The air dryer unit contains a pair of first and second air dryer dehumidification tanks in which a dehumidification process and a regeneration process are alternately performed; a main compressor to supply compressed wet air to an inlet line; a first direction switching valve unit configured to transfer the compressed wet air from the inlet line to first dehumidification tank performing dehumidification; a second direction switching valve unit configured to transfer the compressed dry air from the first dehumidification tank or transfer regeneration special dry air from a regeneration special dryer to second dehumidification tank performing the regeneration; a heating unit configured to heat the regeneration special dry air supplied from the regeneration special dryer; and a cooler configured to detach moisture from dehumidifying agent filled in the second dehumidification tank.