A method for removing methane and non-methane volatile organic compound concentrations from a gas stream. The method includes exposing the target gas to a halogen gas and a light from a suitable light source having a wavelength sufficient to activate halogen gas to halogen radicals, wherein the halogen radicals react with the VOC in the target gas to provide the target gas with a removed concentration of VOC as well as a device including a reaction chamber for reacting the halogen radicals with the VOC in the target gas.

A method for binding hazardous agricultural ammonia using organic carbon dioxide reduces ammonia emissions from farming operations producing livestock, such as cows, pigs, and poultry. The method entraps a quantity of agricultural ammonia within an ammonia solution by reacting the quantity of agricultural ammonia with a quantity of organic carbon dioxide within a primary reaction vessel. The quantity of agricultural ammonia is mixed with a quantity of organic carbon dioxide to form an ammonia-bound solution. The ammonia-bound solution is able to be stored or transported for use in future chemical processes.

A method for trapping noble gas atoms and molecules in oxide nanocages that includes providing oxide nanocages on a metallic substrate, ionizing a noble gas to form noble gas cations, applying a voltage to the metallic substrate, contacting the oxide nanocages with the noble gas cations, and deionizing the cations to form noble gas atoms and molecules that are trapped within the oxide nanocages. In one embodiment of the present device, polygonal prism organosilicate cages on a ruthenium thin film can trap noble gases.

A system, apparatus and method of enhancing the growth of crops using gaseous media with deprived Oxygen content. A plant growth apparatus is disclosed including a source of Nitrogen gas (N2); a source of Carbon Dioxide gas (CO2 gas); a compressor connected to the source of Nitrogen gas and to the source of CO2 gas; and one or more gas emitters connected to the compressor and adapted to be disposed near plants in a greenhouse or other enclosure. During use, the gas emitters emit a predetermined amount of Nitrogen gas and a predetermined amount of CO2 gas, in a mixture, to the plants, whereby a diffusion gradient is created in each plant moving Oxygen gas (O2) out of the plant and enhancing photosynthesis in the plant.

A carbon byproduct removal module includes: a vaporizer configured to produce vapor including oxygen atoms; a carrier gas supplier connected to the vaporizer and configured to supply carrier gas to the vaporizer, wherein the carrier gas carries the vapor to a UV-ray irradiator; and the UV-ray irradiator configured to emit ultraviolet rays to the vapor, wherein a first end of the UV-ray irradiator is connected to a first end of the vaporizer, wherein a second end of the UV-ray irradiator is attached to an exhaust module connected to a chamber in which a semiconductor manufacturing process is performed.

A system with an analyzer device in fluid communication with a sample of a bodily fluid is configured to chemically or electrochemically convert at least a portion of ammonium (NH.sub.4.sup.+) contained within the bodily fluid into ammonia (NH.sub.3) and dispel the converted ammonia (NH.sub.3) into a gas sensing chamber. An ammonia (NH.sub.3) sensor located within the gas sensing chamber in conjunction with a processor can quantify an amount of ammonia (NH.sub.3) present in the gas sensing chamber in relation to the total ammonia of the bodily fluid.

A device for the contact of a gas phase with a liquid medium, and a method for operating the device. The liquid medium here is directed into the device and some of it is raised by means of a conveying device. The liquid medium raised is distributed over a rotating brush by way of a distributing means. At least one gas inlet and a fan here generate a gas stream from a lower portion of the device to an upper portion of the device. The liquid medium distributed over the upper surface of the brush is directed back by way of the brush, counter to the gas stream, into the lower region.

Method for removing all types of particulate matter with exclusion of biological multiplying microorganisms in indoor environments characterized by comprising the following two steps:the atomization of compounds that oxidize particulate matter to form complexes and to precipitate them;the atomization of a liquid containing a mixture of spores of Gram-positive aerobic and/or of facultative anaerobic spore formers to act as nuclei for extra precipitation, to cover the precipitated particulate matter; and to metabolize precipitated particles and to take up precipitated particles by the Gram-positive bacteria/thereby preventing the precipitated particles to become airborne again;whereby the drop size in both atomization steps is held between 5 and 50 m to yield a dry nebula.

The invention relates to methods for air disinfection of microorganisms and biological agents by the method of their inactivation by electrostatic fields and filtering by the method of electrostatic precipitation. The method comprises the steps of creating a flow (A) of air to be disinfected; subjecting said flow to constant with electrostatic fields alternating in direction of intensity vector, said electrostatic fields being sequentially arranged along the flow, and created by transversely spaced air permeable electrodes (1); and filtering the treated flow with an electrostatic filter. Electrostatic field concentrators in the form of projections (3) are located on the surface of the electrodes (1), in particular nanoscale projections, and the intensity of each of the alternating electrostatic fields between the electrodes is selected in accordance with the condition of electroporation of microorganism cells or their inactivation. A device for implementing this method is also claimed. The use of the invention provides a fast, effective, and reliable cleaning of air from any kind of microorganisms and viruses, as well as the aerosol particles having size of 0.08 m. The invention also provides improved hygienic safety due to microorganism inactivation before the filtration step, and because of the absence of dangerous concentrations of ozone and other harmful substances.

A system with an analyzer device in fluid communication with a sample of a bodily fluid is configured to chemically or electrochemically convert at least a portion of ammonium (NH.sub.4.sup.+) contained within the bodily fluid into ammonia (NH.sub.3) and dispel the converted ammonia (NH.sub.3) into a gas sensing chamber. An ammonia (NH.sub.3) sensor located within the gas sensing chamber in conjunction with a processor can quantify an amount of ammonia (NH.sub.3) present in the gas sensing chamber in relation to the total ammonia of the bodily fluid.