A spiral wound module assembly including: a plurality of spiral wound modules aligned within a pressure vessel with a first module located adjacent the first end and a second module located adjacent the second end, a flow plate including opposing first and second sides positioned within the pressure vessel between the first spiral wound module and the first end of the pressure vessel with the first side facing the first spiral wound module and the second side facing the first end, and wherein the flow plate includes a plurality of holes passing from the first side to the second side which create a pressure drop in fluid passing from the first spiral wound module and the closer of the feed inlet port and concentrate outlet port; and a differential pressure sensor adapted to measure differences in pressure between fluid located on the opposing sides of the flow plate.

A system for treating a tetraalkylammonium hydroxide-containing liquid having a high-pressure type reverse osmosis membrane device concentrating a liquid to be treated containing tetraalkylammonium hydroxide at a concentration side, and a line for supplying the concentrated liquid to be treated by the reverse osmosis membrane device to an evaporator further concentrating the concentrated liquid to be treated.

In accordance with one aspect of the present disclosure, a tubular membrane heat exchanger module is provided that includes an inlet header and outlet header. The inlet header is configured to connect to an adjacent upstream tubular membrane heat exchanger module and from an upstream wetted compartment therewith. The outlet header is configured to connect to an adjacent downstream tubular membrane heat exchanger module and form a downstream wetted compartment therewith. The tubular membrane heat exchanger module further includes tubular membranes connecting the inlet header and the outlet header. The tubular membranes facilitate flow of process fluid from the upstream wetted compartment to the downstream wetted compartment. Further, the tubular membranes permit mass transfer between the process fluid in the tubular membranes and a fluid contacting outer surfaces of the tubular membranes.

A full-effective reverse osmosis membrane element and a water purification machine are provided. The reverse osmosis membrane element includes a reverse osmosis membrane (20) and a central tube (10) provided with several water-inlet holes (11). The reverse osmosis membrane (20) is wound around the central tube (10) and covers each water-inlet hole (11) and forms a raw water flow channel. Two sides of the reverse osmosis membrane (20) are sealed by first and second water division bands (21) (22). The first water division band (21) and the central tube (10) form a first concentrated water-outlet (211). The first water division band (21) and the reverse osmosis membrane (20) form a second concentrated water-outlet (212). The second water division band (22) and the reverse osmosis membrane (20) form a first raw water-inlet (221). The second water division band (22) and the central tube (10) form a second raw water-inlet (222).

An air separation module includes a canister, a separator, and a perforated plate. The canister has a plenum portion connecting an inlet portion to an outlet portion, extends circumferentially about a canister axis, and has a plenum diameter that is larger than a canister diameter defined by the inlet and outlet portion of the canister. The separator is arranged within the canister and axially spans the plenum portion to separate air received at the inlet end portion into nitrogen-enriched and oxygen-enriched air flows. The perforated plate is seated within the plenum portion, fluidly couples the separator to an oxygen-enriched air outlet port defined by the plenum portion, and has a snap-fit major dimension smaller than the plenum diameter to radially support a portion of the separator axially spanning the plenum portion of the canister. Nitrogen generation systems and methods of making air separation modules are also described.

An apparatus utilizes a membrane unit to capture components from atmospheric air, including carbon dioxide, enriches the carbon dioxide concentration, and delivers the enriched concentration of carbon dioxide to a sequestering facility. The membrane is configured such that as a first gas containing oxygen, nitrogen and carbon dioxide is drawn through the membrane, a permeate stream is formed where the permeate stream has an oxygen concentration and a carbon dioxide concentration higher than in the first gas and a nitrogen concentration lower than in the first gas. A permeate conduit, having a vacuum applied to it by a vacuum generating device receives the permeate stream and a delivery conduit delivers at least a portion of the enriched carbon dioxide to a sequestering facility. The apparatus may comprise a component of a system where the system may have a flue gas generator and/or a secondary enrichment system disposed between the vacuum generating device and the sequestering facility.

A desalination brine dispersal apparatus and method employ airlift to remove, oxygenate and disperse brine from a desalination apparatus. The apparatus includes a brine removal conduit having a brine inlet that receives brine from the desalination apparatus, a plurality of brine outlets submerged in seawater and one or more air introduction points located at depths below the brine outlets. The supplied air oxygenates and moves brine through the brine removal conduit and outlets via airlift and disperses the brine into seawater away from the brine removal conduit. The apparatus avoids the formation of concentrated, high shear brine plumes and can disperse brine into seawater over a wide area well away from the brine removal conduit.

A self-contained filtration assembly with a self-contained filtration cassette therein. The cassette may be formed from one or more layers membranes and spacers (spacers, screens, or combinations thereof) all having the same general shape. The cassette may have a feed inlet path and a retentate outlet path extending through the layers of the cassette within the perimeter of the cassette, and a permeate outlet path between the cassette exterior and the interior of the cassette housing. The housing may have a generally circular or elliptical cross-section. A clamping assembly may hold together the components of the housing, and may be elongated in a direction along the flow path of the feedstream through the cassette. Various port-defining zones defined in the layers of the cassette may be sealed in a manner facilitating assembly of the cassette as well as isolation of the flow paths therein.

A vacuum filtration head (1) having a receptacle for a support (2) for a membrane filter (3) for microbiological testing of a liquid substance to be drawn from an upstream side of the membrane filter (3) to a downstream side of the membrane filter (3) through the membrane filter (3), or the support (2) for such membrane filter (1), a drain chamber (4) located downstream of the support (2) and communicating with a downstream side of the membrane filter (3) receiving the liquid substance passed through the membrane filter (3), and a drain channel (5) communicating with the drain chamber (4) at an opening (9) and communicating with a vacuum. A protective shield (6) is arranged in the filtration head (1) interfering with a fictive direct line connection while retaining a fluid path (7) to the drain channel (5) past the protective shield (6).

A filtration apparatus for a container, the apparatus includes a connection portion for securing the apparatus to the container; a housing; a hand pump attached to the housing, the hand pump comprising an inlet, an outlet, and a user-operated actuator, the hand pump is configured to pass filtered water through the inlet in a first direction towards the outlet of the hand pump during a first stroke of the user-operated actuator, and in both the first direction and in a second direction opposite to the first direction during a second stroke of the user-operated actuator; and a filter fluidly connected to the inlet of the hand pump, the housing is configured to house the filter and at least part of the hand pump, the housing is configured to pass water, the filter is configured to be a two-way valve for regulating water flow between the housing and the hand pump.