A filtration device (1) has a housing (4) and a filter module (2) with hollow fibers (32) surrounded by an outer shell (5). The hollow fiber bundle (6) is sealed to the outer shell (5) at each end by an adhesive (11) transverse to the longitudinal direction (10). Each end of the hollow fibers (32) is unclosed. An unfiltered product chamber (20) is between the outer shell (5) and a wall (19) of the filter housing (4) and a filtered product chamber (13) is inside the filter module (2). The bottom end of the filter module (2) connects with an intermediate section (3) that connects with a receptacle (17) of a bottom portion (15) of the filter housing (4). The intermediate section (3) forms a connection chamber (26) facing the hollow fiber ends (29) and radial feed channels (28) connect the connection chamber (26) with the unfiltered product chamber (20).

There is provided a hollow fiber membrane module including a cylindrical case having at least a discharge port for raw water in a side face thereof; a fixing member to which open ends of a large number of hollow fiber membranes forming a hollow fiber membrane bundle housed inside the cylindrical case are fixed; and a flow straightening cylinder which is provided between the discharge port for the raw water and an outer periphery of the hollow fiber membrane bundle, which is fixed to the fixing member, and which has a plurality of flow straightening holes. The flow straightening cylinder includes a large inner diameter portion and a small inner diameter portion and the small inner diameter portion is mounted to the fixing member with a lower face of the fixing member positioned at the small inner diameter portion.

The present invention provides a filter element (500) having a radial permeate discharge path (550). The filter element generally includes a closed membrane structure (510) wrapped about a core (530) in reciprocating clockwise and counterclockwise directions, forming semicircular folds of membrane about the core. The semicircular folds of membrane have opposingly situated apical ends (560) separated by a gap. The interior of the closed membrane structure (510) defines a feed channel and the exterior of the closed membrane structure defines at least one permeate channel (522). A radial permeate discharge path (550) extends through the gap between the apical ends of the semicircular folds of membrane. Systems containing, and methods of using, filter elements including radial permeate discharge paths are also provided.

A degassing module includes: a pipe including an in-pipe flow path having a liquid supply port and a liquid discharge port, the pipe having a plurality of holes that allow the in-pipe flow path to be open; a hollow fiber membrane group formed by winding hollow fiber membrane fabric around an outer circumferential side of the pipe, the hollow fiber membrane fabric having a plurality of hollow fiber membranes serving as wefts, and warps; a housing connected to an outer circumferential surface of the pipe and configured to store the hollow fiber membrane group; a partition unit configured to partition a region in the housing into an internal region including an inner circumferential side space of each of the plurality of hollow fiber membranes, and an external region including an inter-membrane space between the plurality of hollow fiber membranes; an air intake port of the housing.

Provided is a filter screen having a plurality of slots, each slot having a longest principal axis A1 that has a length L, and each slot having a second axis A2 that is perpendicular to A1 and that has a length W, wherein the distance between adjacent slots in the direction of the axes A2 is XP; wherein XP is greater than W; wherein the distance between adjacent slots in the direction of the axes A1 is YP; either wherein L is 800 micrometers or less and XP is 350 micrometers or less, or wherein L is 1600 m or less and XP is 180 m or less. Also provided is a method of filtering feed water using such a filter screen.

Disclosed herein is a perfusion filtration module or bioreactor for filtering a fluid, wherein the filtration module or bioreactor has a plurality of hollow fiber filter membranes that are splayed to reduce fouling of the filtration array.

An elongated flow-through degassing apparatus includes an elongated gas permeable outer shell and one or more gas-permeable, liquid-impermeable elongated inner conveyance members extending within the outer shell and at least partially through a chamber defined within the outer shell. The apparatus also includes inlet and outlet junctions for securing the outer shell to the inner conveyance member. The outer shell exhibits a first permeance that is substantially greater than a second permeance of the inner conveyance member. The degassing apparatus may be sufficiently flexible so as to be readily manipulatable into desired configurations.

Hydrogen generation assemblies, hydrogen purification devices, and their components are disclosed. In some embodiments, the devices may include a permeate frame with a membrane support structure having first and second membrane support plates that are free from perforations and that include a plurality of microgrooves configured to provide flow channels for at least part of the permeate stream. In some embodiments, the assemblies may include a return conduit fluidly connecting a buffer tank and a reformate conduit, a return valve assembly configured to manage flow in the return conduit, and a control assembly configured to operate a fuel processing assembly between run and standby modes based, at least in part, on detected pressure in the buffer tank and configured to direct the return valve assembly to allow product hydrogen stream to flow from the buffer tank to the reformate conduit when the fuel processing assembly is in the standby mode.

The present application introduces design methodology and manufacturing procedures employing conventional permeable and semipermeable membrane flat sheet membrane apparatus [FSM], adapted for use in symbiotic fluids fractionation, water treatment, symbiotic osmotic processes of brine desalination and osmotic power generation, where flat sheet membranes are manufactured in the form of plurality of spaced apart, encaged self-supported unrolled membrane of flat surface panel (leaf) in three (3) categories, including; methodology for assembly of pre-cut flat sheet membrane panels, tube-like blown or rolled membrane film methodology, and blanketing membrane sheet methodology. Further assembling these flat sheet membranes in large membrane frames, where symbiotic reverse osmosis or symbiotic osmosis power generation membrane panels varies from about 250 mm (10 inch) to 1.00 m (40 inch) in width and 250 mm to 2.00 m (10-80 inch) in length or larger for a new unique approach in desalinating various water salinity sources.

Where, desalinated seawater recovery can exceed 85%, where water and chemicals can be recovered for reuse in Ecologically Sustainable Hydraulic Fracturing [ES-FRAC] processes of underground waters, and where generating osmotic power from brines can be achieved at 10-25 KW/liter-sec, depending on the source.

A blood processing apparatus includes an optional heat exchanger and a gas exchanger disposed within a housing. In some instances, the gas exchanger can include a screen filter spirally wound into the gas exchanger such that blood passing through the gas exchanger passes through the screen filter and is filtered by the spirally wound screen filter a plurality of times.