In accordance with at least one aspect of this disclosure, a waste fluid water recovery system can include a waste fluid inlet line configured to connect to a waste fluid source, the waste fluid inlet line comprising one or more treatment components configured to treat the waste fluid, a treated waste fluid outlet line configured to connect to one or more outlets, a tank having a flexible membrane dividing an internal volume of the tank into a first portion and a second portion, a first line fluidly connected to the first portion of the tank, a second line fluidly connected to the second portion of the tank, and a switching valve connected between the first line, the second line, the waste fluid inlet line, and the treated waste fluid outlet line. The switching valve can be configured to connect the first line with the waste fluid inlet line and the second line with the treated waste fluid outlet line in a first state. The switching valve can be configured to connect the first line with the treated waste fluid outlet line and the second line with the waste fluid inlet line in a second state.

A gas scrubber includes a canister having a rotatable spiral separator which provides a non-linear path configured to be filled with modular adsorbent material portions between a gas inlet and a gas outlet.

A composite filter cartridge includes a RO film filter cartridge and a carbon rod filter cartridge. A water outlet end of the RO film filter cartridge used for passing filtered water is connected to a water inlet end of the carbon rod filter cartridge; and a water outlet end of the carbon rod filter cartridge is connected to the water outlet end of the RO film filter cartridge.

The invention relates to the field of membrane gas separation. A method of removing components of gas mixtures which is based on passing the components of a gas mixture through a nanoporous membrane and subsequently selectively absorbing them with a liquid absorbent that is in contact with the nanoporous membrane, wherein to prevent the gas from getting into the liquid phase of the absorbent and the liquid phase of the absorbent from getting into the gas phase, a nanoporous membrane with homogeneous porosity (size distribution less than 50%) and a pore diameter in the range of 5-500 nm is used, and the pressure differential between the gas phase and the liquid absorbent is kept below the membrane bubble point pressure. An acid gas removal performance of more than 0.3 nm.sup.3/(m.sup.2 hour) in terms of CO.sub.2 is achieved at a hollow-fiber membrane packing density of up to 3200 m.sup.2/m.sup.3, which corresponds to a specific volumetric performance of acid gas removal of up to 1000 nm.sup.3 (m.sup.3 hour). The technical result is that of providing effective extraction of undesirable components from natural and process gas mixtures.

The invention relates to a filter element (1) comprising a drainage element (2) which is arranged between two filter membranes (3). According to the invention, said drainage element (2) is made of a non-woven filtering material which is arranged in a laminated manner between the filter membranes (3) respectively by means of an adhesive non-woven material (4). The invention also relates to a method for producing a filter element (1), a drainage element (2) made from a non-woven filtering material being laminated between two filter membranes (3). An adhesive non-woven material (4) is arranged between the drainage element (2) and each filter membrane (3), then lamination takes place due to the thermal effect under pressure.

Described are wrapped fluid treatment elements, comprising: a composite material; an interleaf; and an inner core; wherein the composite material and the interleaf form layers wrapped around the inner core. The composite material and interleaf may be wrapped in a spiral configuration around the inner core. The invention also relates to a method of separating a substance from a fluid, comprising the step of placing the fluid in contact with an inventive device or element, thereby adsorbing or absorbing the substance to the composite material contained therein.

A filter module includes: a center tube having at least one purified water inlet on an outer peripheral surface thereof and provided at one end thereof with a connection portion having a purified water outlet formed therein; a reverse osmosis filter wound on the center tube, the reverse osmosis filtering raw water introduced through one end thereof and discharging the filtered raw water to the purified water inlet; and a post-treatment filter disposed inside the center tube and allowing purified water introduced into the center tube to be post-treated by passing through the post-treatment filter, wherein the center tube includes: a first tube member provided at one end thereof with the connection portion and having a first post-treatment filter mounting slot formed therein; and a second tube member detachably connected to the other end of the first tube member and having a second post-treatment filter mounting slot formed therein.

Provided is a biochar-anaerobic membrane biological treatment system and process. The system mainly includes a reaction tank, a membrane module, a macroporous gas distribution device, low-temperature pyrolysis biochar. The application of the process to sewage treatment shows that: under the conditions that the hydraulic retention time is 3.2-7.2 h, the membrane flux is 12.0-17.8 L/m.sup.2/h, and the sludge concentration of 7.2-15.6 g/L, multiple objectives of promoting organic micropollutants (OMPs) biotransformation, accelerating methane production and strengthening membrane fouling control were achieved. The system improved OMPs removal efficiency by more than 20%, decreased membrane fouling rate by 50%, and reaching an organic matter removal efficiency of more than 86% at low temperature. The system and process solve the problems of poor OMPs removal efficiency, serious membrane fouling, and low methane yield at low temperature in the anaerobic membrane biological treatment system.

A mobile power generation/water purification system includes, in a housing thereof: a photovoltaic power generation device; a battery that stores electricity generated by the photovoltaic power generation device; a control unit that receives electric power from the battery; and a drive means controlled by the control unit and using the battery as an electric power source. A water purification device is disposed inside the housing in a single flow path connectable to a suction hose and an outflow hose. The drive means of the water purification device is a plurality of drive pumps which are electrically connected to the battery by respective conductive cables. The photovoltaic power generation device is a solar panel wound around a rotation shaft inside the housing. The solar panel can be pulled out directly in a horizontal direction from a horizontally elongated cutout window of the housing.

An artificial, extracorporeal system for liver replacement and/or assistance, comprises a liver dialysis device for conducting hemodialysis on a patient suffering from liver failure. The liver dialysis device comprises a first standard hollow fiber membrane dialyzer which does not allow passage of an essential amount of albumin over the membrane wall and which is perfused with the patient's blood, and a second hollow fiber membrane dialyzer which allows the passage of essential but defined amounts of albumin over the membrane wall and which receives the blood of the first standard hemodialyzer. The filtrate space is closed off from the lumen space of the hollow fibers and is populated by adsorbent material which may comprise one or more different adsorbents.