A reverse osmosis water production apparatus for use in a body of water includes a first section defining a buoyancy chamber and an elongate second section connected to the first section and configured to define an elongate chamber which extends downward beneath a waterline in use. The elongate chamber is provided with a plurality of elongate reverse osmosis membrane tubes, each tube containing a reverse osmosis membrane. A longitudinal axis of each reverse osmosis membrane tube is substantially parallel with a longitudinal axis of the elongate chamber and the reverse osmosis membrane tubes are arranged around a passage.

The present disclosure relates to a cassette assembly. An inlet cassette plate defines an inlet cassette inlet flow path and an inlet cassette outlet flow path. An outlet cassette plate is configured to be arranged in a stack with the inlet cassette plate. The outlet cassette plate defines an outlet cassette inlet flow path configured to be laterally aligned with the inlet cassette inlet flow path, and an outlet cassette outlet flow path configured to be laterally aligned with the inlet cassette outlet flow path. An inlet plug is configured to be inserted in the outlet cassette inlet flow path. An outlet plug is configured to be inserted in the inlet cassette outlet flow path. The inlet and outlet plugs are configured to be removable and reinsertable. A separation layer is disposed between the inlet cassette plate and the outlet cassette plate.

A membrane filtration system, in particular for reverse osmosis, includes a plurality of stages. Each stage has at least one pump and one filter membrane. The stages are hydraulically interconnected in sequence by connecting lines. The system also includes a bypass line for each stage for diverting liquid flow around the stage. At least one bypass valve blocks the respective bypass line in the closed state. The system further includes a control and regulating unit that can actuate the respective bypass valve.

Disclosed are apparatus and methods for blood and other biological fluid purification using a membrane with cell containing vascular channel systems and filtration channel systems. Also disclosed are methods of making the apparatus as well as methods of making membranes.

Fluid separation membrane module assembly with a vessel (7) having a tubular shape with a tubular surface and two opposite end apertures and one or more fluid separation membrane modules (12) positioned along a centerline of the vessel (7). Each fluid separation membrane module (12) comprises membrane elements configured for separating a feed flow into a residual flow and a permeate flow. Adjacent ones of the one or more fluid separation membrane modules (12) are fluidly connected together. The fluid separation membrane module assembly further comprises a feed and permeate connection assembly (6) closing off one of the two opposite end apertures of the vessel (7). The feed and permeate connection assembly (6) has a feed connector (5) and a permeate connector (3). The feed connector (5) and the permeate connector (3) are positioned off-center in the feed and permeate connection assembly (6).

A filter module has hollow fibers which are combined into fiber bundles having end face pottings. The pottings of the fiber bundles are received into a common end disk.

Disclosed is a filter cartridge with independently replaceable filter assembly, comprising a shell with a cavity and opening, a filter body is arranged in the cavity, a cover plate capable of sealing the opening is further detachably arranged at the opening of the cavity, a water inlet for raw water to flow in, a waste water outlet for waste water to flow out and a purified water outlet for filtered liquid to flow t are further formed. in the shell respectively, and the filter body is formed by mutually sleeving at least two independent filter assemblies. Because the filter body is formed by mutually sleeving more than two independent filter assemblies, some of the filter assemblies, with the due service life, of the filter cartridge can be independently replaced without replacement of the whole filter body so that cost for using the filter cartridge can be reduced, the filter assemblies with the service life not due can also be prevented from being abandoned, thus saving social resources.

A replaceable membrane distillation module has a membrane distillation plate with an upper portion and a lower portion at two ends respectively. Two upper holes and two lower holes are defined through the upper portion and the lower portion at two ends respectively. A distillation portion is recessed in at least one side of the membrane distillation plate, and a distillation membrane covers on the distillation portion that a distillation space forms between the distillation portions and the distillation membrane. Multiple channels are disposed in the membrane distillation plate to communicate one of the upper holes, the distillation space and one of the lower flow holes. A blocking element is selectively combined with one of the upper holes or one of the lower flow holes.

A water purifier having a composite filter is able to discharge residential water in addition to being able to take in raw water and output purified water, and is integrated with a reverse osmosis filter member (spiral filter member).

Disclosed are an extendable pressurized-type hollow fiber membrane module which facilitates improvement of filtrate quality through a multistep-filtration, enhanced easiness of installation and maintenance, decrease of footprint, and/or enlargement of filtration apparatus (without causing decrease of permeate flux of a unit hollow fiber membrane), and a filtration apparatus manufactured using the same. The filtration apparatus of the present invention comprises first and second pressurized-type hollow fiber membrane modules, wherein an inlet port of the first pressurized-type hollow fiber membrane module for introducing feed water and an outlet port of the second pressurized-type hollow fiber membrane module for discharging filtrate or air are coupled to each other.