Disclosure relates to an electrochemical membrane degassing apparatus including a liquid channel in which raw water flows, a gaseous channel in which gas degassed from the raw water flows, a gas separation membrane allowing gas in the raw water to be moved to the gaseous channel, a surface modification layer formed at the gas separation membrane, and a power supply unit applying power to the surface modification layer, and selectively operated in either of a first process mode applying a low voltage power and a second process mode applying a high voltage power, wherein in the first process mode, an electrostatic repulsive force is generated between the surface modification layer and organic particles, and in the second process mode, a radical is generated, and the organic particles is oxidized by the radical. Accordingly, the efficiency of membrane degassing can be improved and membrane contamination can be prevented.

A method for fabricating a nanopore at a particular location in a membrane includes controlling a dielectric strength of the membrane at a particular location on the membrane while applying one of an electric potential or an electric current to the membrane, monitoring an electrical property across the membrane while one of the electric potential or the electric current is being applied across the membrane, detecting an abrupt change in the electrical property across the membrane while one of the electric potential or the electric current is being applied across the membrane; and removing the electric potential or the electric current from the membrane in response to detecting the abrupt change in the electrical property.

The present invention relates to ultrafiltration. In particular, the present invention provides nanoporous membranes having pores for generating in vitro and in vivo ultrafiltrate, devices and bioartificial organs utilizing such nanoporous membranes, and related methods (e.g., diagnostic methods, research methods, drug screening). The present invention further provides nanoporous membranes configured to avoid protein fouling with, for example, a polyethylene glycol surface coating.

A filter for use in filtering a fluid slurry that includes particles of varying size, such as pool water including debris, is provided. The filter is in electrical communication with a sensor and includes a housing having an inlet to receive the fluid slurry, an outlet, and an internal chamber. An actuator can be coupled to the filter media to move at least a portion of the filter media to vary a dimension of the pores. The filter also includes a controller connected to the actuator that is capable of receiving a signal from the sensor and controls the actuator to change the dimension of the pores based on the signal.

The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing separation membrane for water treatment, separation membrane manufactured thereby, and a water treatment method using the separation membrane. More specifically, the present invention relates to: a method for manufacturing separation membrane for water treatment, made of electrically conductive metal or non-metal materials, which can enhance the membrane performance by reducing membrane contamination during water treatment and replace separation membrane made of polymer materials; separation membrane manufactured thereby; and a water treatment method using the separation membrane.

Embodiments of the invention provide a filter for use in filtering a fluid slurry that includes particles of varying size, such as pool water including debris. The filter is in electrical communication with a sensor and includes a housing having an inlet to receive the fluid slurry, an outlet, and an internal chamber. An actuator can be coupled to the filter media to move at least a portion of the filter media to vary a dimension of the pores. The filter also includes a controller connected to the actuator that is capable of receiving a signal from the sensor and controls the actuator to change the dimension of the pores based on the signal.

A membrane desalination system includes a housing, an electrically conductive membrane disposed within the housing, wherein the electrically conductive membrane includes a porous support and an electrically conductive layer disposed on the porous support, and the electrically conductive layer includes nanostructures, and an alternating current power source connected to the electrically conductive membrane.

An electrochemically reactive membrane filtration system that exhibits antifouling characteristics, high surface reactivity and removal of organic pollutants and microbes in water. Such electrochemically reactive membrane systems can be incorporated as a core part of point-of-use (POU) water treatment and disinfection devices that exhibit performance of water purification at the endpoint of drinking water supply (e.g., tap water or pure water machine) and warrant the drinking water quality.

Methods for improving ion flux and energy efficiency in a membrane stack of an electrodialysis unit wherein the membrane stack is disposed between an anode and a cathode each in an electrolyte of a selected concentration. Methods include increasing the concentration of the electrolyte, adding a strong base to the electrolyte and adding buffering anions to the electrolyte. Methods for cleaning the electrodes of such a unit involving involve applying a pulsed polarity reversal to the electrodes. Also provided are methods for improving unit operation by increasing the basicity of the electrolyte to the anode and increasing the acidity of the electrolyte to the cathode or alternatively or in addition, by applying heat to increase the operating temperature of at least one of the electrolyte and the treated water stream.

Embodiments of the invention provide a filter for use in filtering a fluid slurry that includes particles of varying size, such as pool water including debris. The filter is in electrical communication with a sensor and includes a housing having an inlet to receive the fluid slurry, an outlet, and an internal chamber. An actuator can be coupled to the filter media to move at least a portion of the filter media to vary a dimension of the pores. The filter also includes a controller connected to the actuator that is capable of receiving a signal from the sensor and controls the actuator to change the dimension of the pores based on the signal.