Algae harvesting and cultivating systems and methods for producing high concentrations of algae product with minimal energy. In an embodiment, an algae harvesting method is provided for performing dead-end filtration in an algae harvesting system having at least one treatment tank defining a plurality of filtration stages including at least a first filtration stage and a second filtration stage. An algae medium is pulled through the hollow fiber membranes such that a retentate and a permeate are produced.

A leak may be detected in a heat exchanger of a hemodialysis device. A drain valve is opened by the controller, and then closed by the controller after a pre-selected time period. An initial pressure is determined in the spent dialysate circuit and stored in the memory. A system pressure is determined at periodic time intervals and compared to a pre-determined maximum pressure. The controller then determines whether the heat exchanger has a leak, in that in response to the system pressure exceeding a predetermined maximum pressure, a command is generated to execute an event including suspending a disinfectant operation with a disinfecting agent, and in response to the initial pressure subtracted from the system pressure being greater than a predetermined minimum pressure differential, a command is generated to execute an event including suspending the cleanse operation with the disinfecting agent.

The present invention relates to a comprehensive evaluation method for the performance of contaminated flat membranes, which relates to the field of sewage and waste resource technology. The present invention firstly analyzed the composition of the surface elements of the contaminated membrane by EDX to determine the type of membrane contamination, and then designed different cleaning schemes for organic or inorganic pollution to obtain a sample membrane. When the tensile strength of the contaminated membrane decreased more than 50% than that of the control membrane, it is a waste membrane; when the tensile strength decreased less than 50% and the membrane flux reduced more than 30%, it is a waste membrane; when tensile strength decreased less than 50%, membrane flux reduced less than 30% and the carbon footprint was more than 188 g, it is a waste membrane; otherwise was a old membrane. The comprehensive evaluation method of the present invention can quantitatively, quickly and comprehensively define the difference between the old membrane and the waste membrane, and provides the basis for the selection of the contaminated membrane and the process of the regeneration and reuse.

Monitoring of the performance of a blood fluid removal medium of a blood fluid removal device includes monitoring of condition, such as fluid flow rate or concentration of blood waste product, downstream of the medium. Upstream monitoring of the condition may also be performed to enhance the ability to determine whether the blood fluid removal medium is performing within predetermined ranges.

Disclosed are an integrated composite filter cartridge (200) and a water purifying system (300) having same. The integrated composite filter cartridge (200) comprises: an outer shell (20), wherein a chamber (21) is defined in the outer shell (20), and the outer shell (20) is provided with a raw water inlet (22), a pre-treated water outlet (23), a pre-treated water inlet (24), a purified water outlet (25) and a waste water outlet (26) which are in communication with the chamber (21); a pre-treatment filter cartridge (100); a central pipe (30); a filter membrane (40); and a control member, which is connected to the pre-treated water outlet (23) and the pre-treated water inlet (24). When the integrated composite filter cartridge (200) is used for the first time, the control member switches on the raw water inlet (22) and the pre-treated water outlet (23) and switches off the pre-treated water inlet (24).

The water treatment system includes: an aluminate ion addition part for adding an aluminate ion additive to water to be treated containing at least salt content and silica; a first precipitation part provided on the downstream side of the aluminate ion addition part; a first pH adjustment part provided on the downstream side of the first precipitation part; a first solid/liquid separation part for separating the solid content in the water to be treated; a second pH adjustment part for adjusting the pH of the water to be treated from the first solid/liquid separation part to a second pH level; and a first separation membrane (desalination treatment) apparatus provided on the downstream side of the second pH adjustment part so as to separate the water to be treated into first permeated water and first non-permeated water by removing the salt content in the water to be treated.

A decentralized water treatment unit is for purifying untreated water to purified water for human consumption. The unit includes i) a filtration module, having at least one filtration membrane configured to, during a filtration cycle, purify the untreated water; and ii) a cleaning module, having an electrolytic cell configured to, during a generation cycle, generate a cleaning solution of predetermined composition from a chloride starting solution. The cleaning module is further configured to, during a cleaning cycle, pump the cleaning solution through the filtration module to clean the at least one filtration membrane.

A conditioning system for a filter module is disclosed. The conditioning system may generally include an inlet, a heat exchanger, a magnetically levitated pump, a channel provided to bypass the heat exchanger, a controller, an outlet, and a base. The system may have components lined with corrosion-resistant materials. A method of conditioning a filter module is also disclosed. The method may generally include measuring TOC in a source of ultrapure water, heating the ultrapure water, rinsing a filter module with the heated water, flushing the filter module with ambient temperature water, and repeating the rinsing with heated water and flushing with ambient temperature water. A method of facilitating conditioning of the filter module is also disclosed. The method may generally include providing a portable filter module conditioning system and providing instructions for installation or use.

A leak may be detected in a heat exchanger of a hemodialysis device. A drain valve is opened by the controller, and then closed by the controller after a pre-selected time period. An initial pressure is determined in the spent dialysate circuit and stored in the memory. A system pressure is determined at periodic time intervals and compared to a pre-determined maximum pressure. The controller then determines whether the heat exchanger has a leak, in that in response to the system pressure exceeding a predetermined maximum pressure, a command is generated to execute an event including suspending a disinfectant operation with a disinfecting agent, and in response to the initial pressure subtracted from the system pressure being greater than a predetermined minimum pressure differential, a command is generated to execute an event including suspending the cleanse operation with the disinfecting agent.

A wastewater treatment system is disclosed that includes a desanding hydrocyclone, a deoiling hydrocyclone, an electrocoagulation apparatus that is adapted to receive a flow of treated wastewater from the desanding and deoiling hydrocyclones, a floc separator that is adapted to receive a flow of a first effluent from the electrocoagulation apparatus, and an ultrafiltration membrane apparatus that is adapted to receive at least a portion of a flow of a second effluent from the floc separator.