The present disclosure belongs to the technical field of porous membrane material preparation, and specifically relates to a reverse osmosis composite membrane with an ultrathin desalting layer and a preparation method thereof; the intermediate layer is introduced after modifying the polysulfone base membrane, the modified polysulfone base membrane support layer may strengthen the bonding to the desalting layer through a covalent bond, and the thickness of the desalting layer is reduced to be 10 nm, so that the desalination rate of the membrane is not greatly affected while increasing the membrane flux. Compared with the membrane having a conventional thickness of the desalting layer, the water flux of the reverse osmosis composite membrane with an ultrathin desalting layer may be increased by about 0.5 times, while the desalination rate has a small change.

Methods of producing membranes, and membranes for metal and/or hydrocarbon removal. The methods include synthesizing an amine-modified metal oxide, wherein the amine-modified metal oxide comprises a metal oxide component and a water-soluble amino acid derivative having a 1:1 ratio of metal oxide components to water-soluble amino acid derivative; dissolving a water-soluble polymer and a polyvinylidene fluoride and the amine-functionalized metal oxide to form a polymer solution; casting the polymer solution into a mold to form a substrate membrane; coating the substrate membrane with a polyamide; and forming a membrane, wherein the amine-functionalized metal oxide is covalently connected to the polyvinylidene fluoride.

The present disclosure relates to a nanofiltration membrane and a method of manufacturing a nanofiltration membrane. The method includes providing a support structure having a first mesoporous layer made of TiO.sub.2 and/or ZrO.sub.2 and a second porous layer adjacent to the mesoporous layer made of aluminum oxide. The method further includes grafting an anchoring group within pores of the first mesoporous layer, wherein the second layer is inert to the grafting step. An initiator for a surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP) reaction is covalently bonded to the anchoring group. The support structure is impregnated with a monomer and a solvent, and a polymerization reaction is performed, which includes passing a catalyst through the mesoporous layer, the monomer being configured to start the polymerization reaction by grafting from the initiator in the presence of the catalyst.

The present invention belongs to the technical field of membranes, and in particular relates to a polyamide composite reverse osmosis membrane and to a preparation method thereof. The polyamide composite reverse osmosis membrane provided by the present invention comprises: a nascent membrane and a temperature-responsive polypeptide grafted to a surface of the nascent membrane; the nascent membrane comprises a support layer and a polyamide separation layer joined to the support layer; the temperature-responsive polypeptide is a homopolymeric (L-glutamate) containing oligo(ethylene glycol). The polyamide composite reverse osmosis membrane provided in the present invention has excellent pollution resistance and oxidation resistance capabilities, has a low difficulty of cleaning, and has extremely broad market prospects.