A crosslinked protein-based separation membrane and application thereof. The separation membrane is formed by attaching a crosslinked protein nanomembrane to a porous membrane, the crosslinked protein nanomembrane is formed by crosslinking a two-dimensional nanomembrane which is formed by phase transition of a protein with a crosslinking agent, the separation membrane contains a dense surface layer and a support layer, the dense surface layer is the crosslinked protein nanomembrane, and the support layer is the porous membrane; the protein is any one of lysozyme, bovine serum albumin, insulin, and α-lactalbumin; the crosslinked protein-based separation membrane has a good biocompatibility, may serve as a dialysis membrane for blood purification, and has a higher retention ratio for large molecular proteins.

This invention relates thin film nanocomposites (TFNCs) and methods of preparing the same by molecular layer-by-layer assembly. The TFNCs comprise a porous nanofibrous support first layer coated with a mid-layer having an outer separating layer, wherein the out separating layer has one or more bilayers or trilayers. The TFNCs can be particularly suitable for use as filtration membranes for the separation of dissolved components from fluids such as ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, and reverse osmosis. Thus, embodiments of the invention also include filtration systems and methods of filtering.

Provided is a porous composite membrane including graphene oxide sheets; nanoparticles bound to a surface of the graphene oxide sheets solely by electrostatic and/or Van der Waals interactions. The present invention also relates to a method of producing the porous composite membrane, a gas separation system including the porous composite membrane, and uses of the porous composite membrane in a process for separating H.sub.2 from a gas stream and a process for reducing H.sub.2O swelling in a graphene oxide-based membrane.

A composite polyamide reverse osmosis membrane comprising a polyamide layer; where the polyamide layer has a thickness in the range of 50-250 nm, and large open spaces (i.e., free volumes); where the open spaces are defined by a ratio of water flux, J.sub.w, (gfd) divided by the average surface roughness, Ra, (nm) of the polyamide layer; wherein the composite polyamide reverse osmosis membrane has the ratio of J.sub.w/Ra>0.35 gfd/nm when tested at 65 psi, using an aqueous solution containing 250 ppm of NaCl; and a microporous support with a thickness ranging from 100-150 μm. The present invention also relates to processes of fabricating the composite polyamide reverse osmosis membrane.

The present disclosure provides an ion-exchange membrane that includes a supporting substrate impregnated with an ion-exchange material. The supporting substrate includes an imprinted non-woven layer, and the imprinting includes a plurality of deformations at a surface density of at least 16 per cm.sup.2. The supporting substrate may lack a reinforcing layer. In some examples, the supporting substrate may include only a single layer of the imprinted non-woven fabric.

A power generation system, includes: a fuel cell that includes a negative electrode and a positive electrode and is configured to generate electric power by chemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen; a separator that includes an oxygen-permselective separation membrane and is configured to obtain permeated gas and non-permeated gas from mixed gas; and a positive electrode gas supply passage through which the mixed gas is supplied to the separator and the obtained permeated gas is supplied to the positive electrode. The separation membrane includes a porous support layer and a separation functional layer provided on the porous support layer. The separation functional layer contains at least one kind of chemical compound selected from the group consisting of polyamide, graphene, MOF (Metal Organic Framework), and COF (Covalent Organic Framework).

A power generation system, includes: a fuel cell that includes a negative electrode and a positive electrode and is configured to generate electric power by chemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen; a separator that includes a hydrogen-permselective separation membrane and is configured to obtain permeated gas and non-permeated gas from mixed gas; and a negative electrode gas supply passage configured to supply the mixed gas containing hydrogen to the separator and supply the permeated gas obtained by the separator to the negative electrode. The separation membrane includes a porous support layer and a separation functional layer provided on the porous support layer. The separation functional layer contains at least one kind of chemical compound selected from the group consisting of polyamide, graphene, MOF (Metal Organic Framework), and COF (Covalent Organic Framework).

A power generation system, includes: a fuel cell that includes a negative electrode supplied with hydrogen-containing gas and a positive electrode supplied with oxygen-containing gas, and is configured to generate electric power by chemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen; a separator that includes a hydrogen-permselective separation membrane and is configured to obtain permeated gas and non-permeated gas from mixed gas; and a circulating passage through which negative electrode-side exhaust gas of the fuel cell is sent to the separator, and through which the permeated gas is supplied to the negative electrode. The separation membrane includes a porous support layer and a separation functional layer provided on the porous support layer. The separation functional layer contains at least one kind of chemical compound selected from the group consisting of polyamide, graphene, MOF (Metal Organic Framework), and COF (Covalent Organic Framework).

Disclosed are a MWW/DDR type gas separation membrane comprising at least one MWW type zeolite and at least one DDR type zeolite and a method for preparing the same. One of the MWW type zeolite and the DDR type zeolite is disposed on the other thereof, wherein at least one of the MWW type zeolite and the DDR type zeolite is epitaxially grown. In the gas separation membrane, the DDR type zeolite is epitaxially grown from the MWW type zeolite, or the MWW type zeolite is epitaxially grown from the DDR type zeolite. Thus, the MWW/DDR type gas separation membrane is synthesized using a structural continuity of the MWW type zeolite and the DDR type zeolite. Thus, the gas separation membrane has excellent separation efficiency.

Provided herein are methods of forming and optimizing cured features on a surface including controlling the surface upon which the cured features are applied. Additionally, a system for forming and processing the topographical features on the membrane is also described, along with mechanical features at specific system stations. More particularly, provided herein are methods of forming and optimizing topographical features applied to a membrane surface by controlling the membrane surface and by controlling the direction and magnitude of pressure applied to the membrane (substrate), as well as initially partially curing the topographical features, followed by fully curing of the topographical features to form the membrane having topographical spacing features formed thereon.