Method and apparatuses for forming gel droplets including biological tissue (e.g., cells), and in particular, methods and apparatuses for removing oil from the gel droplets comprising dissociated cells (including micro-organospheres) are described herein. Although it is beneficial to use oil in the formation of these gel droplets, and particularly micro-organospheres, oil may inhibit growth and survival of the cells within the gel droplets. The methods and apparatuses described herein may permit the removal of oil and may enhance survival and quality of the resulting gel droplets.

In at least one embodiment, a separator is provided with a fibrous mat for retaining the active material on an electrode of a lead-acid battery. New or improved mats, separators, batteries, methods, and/or systems are also disclosed, shown, claimed, and/or provided. For example, in at least one possibly preferred embodiment, a composite separator is provided with a fibrous mat for retaining the active material on an electrode of a lead-acid battery. In at least one possibly particularly preferred embodiment, a PE membrane separator is provided with at least one fibrous mat for retaining the active material on an electrode of a lead-acid battery. In accordance with at least certain embodiments, aspects and/or objects, the present invention, application, or disclosure may provide solutions, new products, improved products, new methods, and/or improved methods, and/or may address issues, needs, and/or problems of PAM shedding, NAM shedding, electrode distortion, active material shedding, active material loss, and/or physical separation, electrode effectiveness, battery performance, battery life, and/or cycle life, and/or may provide new battery separators, new battery technology, and/or new battery methods and/or systems that address the challenges arising from current lead acid batteries or battery systems, especially new battery separators, new battery technology, and/or new battery methods and/or systems adapted to prevent or impede the shedding of active material from the electrodes, preferably or particularly in enhanced flooded lead acid batteries, PSoC batteries, ISS batteries, ESS batteries, and/or the like.

Disclosed herein are carbon molecular sieves and methods of making the same through the pyrolysis of a polymer precursor in the presence of a reactive gas stream including a hydrogen source.

Provided is a porous hollow fiber membrane made of a thermoplastic resin, wherein a membrane thickness is 0.050 mm or larger and 0.25 mm or smaller, and when a strength coefficient is defined as K=(compressive strength)/((membrane thickness)/(inside diameter/2)).sup.3, K=1.7 or more.

Filter holders and membranes are provided that can be included within a bioreactor bag system. The filter holders and membranes include features that allow incorporation of advanced membrane materials having differing material characteristics than traditional membranes that more closely matched the characteristics of the filter holder.

Disclosed is a natural compound sweetener, comprising mogroside V, rebaudioside A, natural tea theanine and dietary fibre. The method for preparing the sweetener comprises the steps of: (1) dissolution, filtration, concentration and sterilization: dissolving the mogroside V, rebaudioside A, natural tea theanine and dietary fibre in water, filtering, concentrating in a vacuum, and sterilizing to obtain a sterilized solution; and (2) paste-collection, drying and granulation: carrying out paste-collection on the sterilized solution obtained in the step (1), vacuum drying the collected liquid paste, and drying and then granulating the dry powder to obtain the sweetener.

Described herein is a method of using hollow fiber filter cartridge. The method includes: providing a hollow fiber filter cartridge inside or outside an environmental cleaning equipment; allowing a wastewater to enter the hollow fiber filter cartridge from an outside of the hollow fiber filter under no water pressure or low water pressure (such as under 30 gw/cm.sup.2); allowing the wastewater to cross a plurality of nanopores of the hollow fiber filter cartridge under no water pressure or low water pressure (such as under 30 gw/cm.sup.2) to produce a clean water; and allowing the environmental cleaning equipment to filter wastewater to produce clean water continuously, thereby improving cleaning efficiency and reducing water consumption.

There is provided a thin film composite (TFC) hollow fibre membrane comprising a porous hollow fibre support layer formed of a polymer and a selective layer, formed of a cross-linked polyamide, on an inner circumferential surface of the hollow fibre support layer, wherein the TFC hollow fibre membrane has a power density of 25-50 W/m.sup.2 at a pressure of 30 bar. There is also provided a method of forming the TFC hollow fibre membrane.

Devices and methods are provided that permit efficient and selective separation of liquid biological specimens into at least two constituent components to facilitate subsequent quantitative and qualitative analysis on at least one analyte of interest in at least one of the components. The devices generally include one or more sample deposition regions supported on a base. Each sample deposition region includes a separation membrane for separating the liquid biological specimen into two different fractions. The first fraction is trapped by the separation membrane while the second fraction passes through the separation membrane and into a respective collection membrane. The separation and collection membranes are easily separable from the devices and can be utilized for further processing and analysis.

A platelet filtration membrane and its application for preparing platelets rich plasma and separating platelets from blood samples are disclosed. The platelet filtration membrane comprises a coating layer and a porous substrate. The coating layer composition comprises a first copolymer having a plurality of amide groups and a second copolymer having a plurality of carboxylic acid groups, and the porous substrate comprises PE, PP, PS, PET, PTFE, PVDF, ceramic or rayon. The coating layer is on surfaces of the porous substrate to form the platelet filtration membrane.