Multicomponent copolymers including two or more types of repeat units is presented. In one example, the multicomponent copolymer includes at least one repeat unit AC having a structure (I), at least one repeat unit DC having a structure (II), and at least one repeat unit BC having a structure (III) or (V). The multicomponent copolymer may be cross-linked via a cross-linking agent. A polymer blend including the multicomponent copolymer or a cross-linked copolymer and a second polymer is also provided. The multicomponent copolymer may be a random or a block copolymer. The structural units of the multicomponent copolymers provide improved, tunable properties, such as improved biocompatibility and hydrophilicity, protein fouling, and mechanical properties, to the copolymers and/or the membranes fabricated from the copolymers.

The present invention relates to polymeric membranes. In particular, the present invention relates to the use of membranes comprising polyvinyl alcohol in electrophoresis.

A thin-film composite polyamide reverse osmosis membrane with anti-bacterial and anti-biofouling effects and a preparation method thereof are disclosed. The preparation method includes: dissolving a highly water-stable metal organic framework CuBTTri in an n-hexane solution containing trimesoyl chloride by ultrasonic wave, immersing a polyethersulfone ultrafiltration membrane in an aqueous solution of m-phenylene diamine and taking out, and then immersing the ultrafiltration membrane in the trimesoyl chloride-n-hexane solution containing the aforementioned metal organic framework for reaction and modification, so as to obtain the thin-film composite polyamide reverse osmosis membrane. The resulting composite reverse osmosis membrane integrated with the anti-bacterial metal organic framework CuBTTri has a high reverse osmosis membrane permeability and possesses greatly improved and persistent anti-bacterial and anti-biofouling properties. The preparation method is simple and conducive to promotion, and has mild conditions.

By having a coating layer, this composite semipermeable membrane has fouling resistance easily maintainable before and after contact with acid, and enables stable operation over a long period of time. This composite semipermeable membrane comprises a porous support layer, a separation function layer arranged on the porous support layer, and a coating layer arranged on the separation function layer, wherein the separation function layer contains a crosslinked aromatic polyamide which is a polycondensate of polyfunctional aromatic amines and polyfunctional aromatic acid chloride, and the coating layer contains an aliphatic polymer having the structure (I) in the description.

The present specification relates to a block polymer and a polymer electrolyte membrane comprising the same, a membrane-electrode assembly comprising the polymer electrolyte membrane, a fuel cell comprising the membrane-electrode assembly, and a redox flow battery comprising the polymer electrolyte membrane.

When the porous membrane, which has two surfaces of a surface A and a surface C, is equally divided in the thickness direction of the porous membrane into three layers of a first layer including the surface A, a second layer that is a central layer in the thickness direction, and a third layer including the surface C, an average trunk size of the third layer is larger than an average trunk size of the second layer, and when a continuous layer from the surface A having a thickness of 10 m in the first layer is a first layer component, a continuous layer component having a thickness of 10 m and an average trunk size smaller than an average trunk size of the first layer component is present in the first layer, the second layer, and the third layer other than the first layer component.

By having a coating layer, this composite semipermeable membrane has fouling resistance easily maintainable before and after contact with acid, and enables stable operation over a long period of time. This composite semipermeable membrane comprises a porous support layer, a separation function layer arranged on the porous support layer, and a coating layer arranged on the separation function layer, wherein the separation function layer contains a crosslinked aromatic polyamide which is a polycondensate of polyfunctional aromatic amines and polyfunctional aromatic acid chloride, and the coating layer contains an aliphatic polymer having the structure (I) in the description.

A novel membrane is provided in which the permeate flow rate is not prone to decrease even when the membrane is used to process seawater with high salt concentration and high heavy metal ion concentration. This composite semipermeable membrane comprises a porous support layer, a separation function layer arranged on the porous support layer, and a coating layer coating the separation function layer, wherein the separation function layer contains a crosslinked polymer amide which is a condensate of polyfunctional aromatic amine and polyfunctional aromatic acid chloride, and the coating layer contains an aliphatic polymer including a polyether moiety and a carbonic acid polymer moiety.

Described is a polyethylene membrane and in particular an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene member that provides a high air permeability and is hydrophobic. The membranes have small pores and are suitable for sterilization by exposure to gamma radiation. The membranes can be made by methods that involve one or more of stretching the membrane and grafting hydrophobic monomers onto the membrane surface. A perfluorinated monomer, such as perfluoro-n-octyl acrylate, can be grafted to one or more surfaces of the membrane. The membrane have a high flow rate compared to unstretched or ungrafted membranes.

The present disclosure provides systems and methods for treatment of produced water that combine a separation technique using an inorganic membrane (Al.sub.2O.sub.3) with an adsorption process using activated carbon in the membrane. In one embodiment, a water tank includes an inlet and an outlet, and the membrane is in fluid communication with the inlet. The tank is configured to receive a spent water stream that includes a contaminant. In operation, the spent water stream is contacted with the membrane so as to strip at least a portion of the contaminant from the spent water stream.