Described are porous polymeric filter membranes made using poly(etheretherketone)-type polymers (PEEK), devices that include the PEEK membrane, and related methods of preparing and using the PEEK membranes.

A water purification system utilizes an ionomer membrane and mild vacuum to draw water from source water through the membrane. A water source may be salt water or a contaminated water source. The water drawn through the membrane passes across the condenser chamber to a condenser surface where it is condensed into purified water. The condenser surface may be metal or any other suitable surface and may be flat or pleated. In addition, the condenser surface may be maintained at a lower temperature than the water on the water source side of the membrane. The ionomer membrane may be configured in a cartridge, a pleated or flat plate configuration. A latent heat loop may be configured to carry the latent heat of vaporization from the condenser back to the water source side of the ionomer membrane. The source water may be heated by a solar water heater.

There is provided a composite hollow fiber membrane for gas and vapour separation comprising: a porous membrane substrate; and a selective layer of cross-linked polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) provided on a surface of the porous membrane substrate, wherein the molecular weight of the cross-linked PDMS is ?100 kg/mol. There is also provided a method of forming the composite hollow fiber membrane, and a method of forming the cross-linked polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) having a molecular weight ?100 kg/mol.

The present disclosure provides a preparation system and a preparation method for xylitol crystals. In the preparation system, outlets of a first centrifuge are connected with an inlet of a hot air drying tank and an inlet of a primary mother liquor storage tank through pipelines, respectively. Outlets of a second centrifuge are connected with an inlet of a second fluidized bed dryer and an inlet of a secondary mother liquor storage tank through pipelines, respectively. An outlet of a dicrystalline sugar dissolution tank is connected with an inlet of a blending tank through pipeline. An outlet of a tricrystalline sugar dissolution tank is connected with the inlet of the primary mother liquor storage tank. The blending tank is provided with an inlet for a raw material of xylitol hydrogenation solution. An output of an outlet of a first fluidized bed dryer is prepared xylitol crystals.

A method of preparing a membrane comprising the steps of: a) mixing together a membrane-forming polymer, a water-soluble polyetheramine, and a solvent, said mixture containing no component which will react chemically with the polyetheramine; and b) casting said mixture to form the polymer into a solid membrane.

The invention provides a high permeance and high selectivity facilitated transport membrane comprising a very small pore, nanoporous polyethersulfone (PES)/polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) blend support membrane, a hydrophilic polymer inside the very small nanopores on the skin layer surface of the support membrane, a thin, nonporous, hydrophilic polymer layer coated on the surface of the support membrane, and metal salts incorporated in the hydrophilic polymer layer coated on the surface of the support membrane and the hydrophilic polymer inside the very small nanopores, a method of making this membrane, and the use of this membrane for olefin/paraffin separations, particularly for propylene/propane and ethylene/ethane separations.

The present invention relates to a polymer resin composition including: a vinylidene fluoride-based polymer resin; and one or more types of nucleating agents selected from the group consisting of an organic phosphate and a C.sub.5-C.sub.15 bicycloalkane substituted with one or more carboxylic acid metal salt functional groups, and a polymer resin molded product prepared using the polymer resin composition.

A desalination apparatus and a method of desalinating thereof, wherein the desalination apparatus comprises a perforated vessel and at least one engineered semi-permeable membrane that covers perforations on the perforated vessel, wherein the desalination apparatus forms a purified water from saline water when submerged in the saline water to a depth of 50-250 m to create sufficient pressure differential on both sides of the engineered semi-permeable membrane, wherein low-saline water flows through the engineered semi-permeable membrane and collected within an internal cavity of the desalination apparatus. Various embodiments of the desalination apparatus and the method of desalinating are also provided.

A membrane contains a polymer composition is described. The polymer composition contains a) at least one polymer of PA, PVA, Cellulose CA, CTA, CA-triacetate blend, cellulose ester, cellulose nitrate, regenerated cellulose, aromatic, aromatic/aliphatic or aliphatic polyamide, aromatic, aromatic/aliphatic or aliphatic polyimide, PBI, PBIL, PAN, PAN-PVC copolymer, PAN-methallyl sulfonate copolymer, PEI, PEEK, sulfonated SPEEK, PPO, poly-carbonate, polyester, PTFE, PVDF, PP, a polyelectrolyte complex, PMMA, PDMS, aromatic, aromatic/aliphatic or aliphatic polyimide urethane, aromatic, aromatic/aliphatic or aliphatic polyamidimide, crosslinked polyimide or poly-arylene ether, PSU, PPSU and PESU, and b) at least one dope polymer DP1, which is a polyalkylene oxide with a molecular mass Mw of more than 100,000 g/mol and/or a K-value of 60 or 20 more.

The present invention relates to a porous membrane including a polymer including a polyvinylidene fluoride-based resin as a main component, and a branched polyvinylidene fluoride-based resin as the polyvinylidene fluoride-based resin, in which the polymer has a value of a of 0.32 to 0.41 and a value of b of 0.18 to 0.42, each of which is determined by approximation according to the formula 1 below from a radius of gyration <S.sup.2>.sup.1/2 and an absolute molecular weight M.sub.w of the polymer which are measured by GPC-MALS (gel permeation chromatograph equipped with a multi-angle light scattering detector). <S.sup.2>.sup.1/2=bM.sub.w.sup.a (Formula 1).