The present invention discloses a 3D printing apparatus and method of using a single-printhead to achieve multi-material and multi-scale printing. The apparatus comprises a base, a worktable, a wafer stage, a substrate, a power source, a printhead, and a support. The printhead is provided with a plurality of material inlets, each of which is connected to a different micro-feeding pump; and multiple materials are thoroughly mixed under the action of an agitator after being fed into the printhead, thereby achieving multi-material printing. In the present invention, a macroscopic geometrical shape of a printed object, microstructures in the interior and on the surface of the object are reasonably controlled, and integrated manufacturing of multi-scale structures is achieved.

A method of treating water includes directing a stream of water towards a lateral side of a water treatment substance body contained within a holder. The water stream serves to abrade the water treatment substance body, thereby to dose the water with the water treatment substance. Dosed water is thus formed. The dosed water is allowed to pass through at least one opening in the holder.

An ink jet printing method includes scanning a printing medium in a scanning direction a plurality of times with an ink jet head from which inks and a treatment liquid acting to flocculate constituents of the inks are ejected. The ink jet head includes first ink nozzles filled with a first ink and arranged in a sub-scanning direction, second ink nozzles filled with a second ink having a different composition from the first ink and arranged in the sub-scanning direction, and treatment liquid nozzles filled with the treatment liquid and arranged in the sub-scanning direction. At least some of the treatment liquid nozzles are coincident in the sub-scanning direction with the first and second ink nozzles. The first ink nozzles are closest to the treatment liquid nozzles in the scanning direction, and the first ink exhibits a viscosity increase by a factor of 6.0 or less.

A liquid discharger includes a head including nozzles to discharge liquid from the nozzles, a detachable first container attached to the liquid discharger to accommodate the liquid, a second container connected to the head to accommodate the liquid to be supplied to the head, a supply channel to connect the first container and the second container, an irreversible pump connected to the second container, and a controller to control the irreversible pump to pressurize and decompress the second container to reciprocally move the liquid between the first detachable container and the second container via the supply channel.

A stirring device includes the following. A rotating holder is capable of performing a rotating operation in a state where the rotating holder holds a cartridge that accommodates a liquid agent in which a solute is precipitated in a solvent by the liquid agent being left still. A drive motor causes the rotating holder to perform the rotating operation. A posture controller corrects a stop position of the rotating holder to position the cartridge in a first posture in a case where an operation of the drive motor is stopped in a state where the cartridge is in a second posture that is different from the first posture. The first posture is a state in which the cartridge is in a normal stop posture.

A printer includes a first cartridge holder including a first insertion port in which a first ink cartridge housing a first ink pack charged with a sedimentation ink is inserted and which is open horizontally, the first cartridge holder housing the inserted first ink cartridge, a first shaft pivotably supporting the first cartridge holder, a first driving mechanism that causes the first cartridge holder to pivot about the first shaft, and a controller that controls the first driving mechanism. The controller includes a first controller that controls the first driving mechanism to cause the first cartridge holder to pivot and agitate the sedimentation ink contained in the first ink pack.

A system structure of an impeller for a dispersion-emulsion apparatus based on dual rotor is provided. This system includes an impeller unit in which an impeller constituted by a first rotor and a second rotor is configured in multi stages, in which the first rotor and the second rotor are driven in reverse rotational states to each other by driving motors of the respective rotors and respective target materials to be mixed sequentially pass between the multi-stage impeller units at once by a one-pass method, and as a result, a total working time for processing of dispersion-emulsion is significantly shortened, uniformity of a particle size is enhanced by micro shearing (cutting) of the respective mixed materials.

A method for maintaining a fluidic dispensing device includes providing a fluidic dispensing device having a fluid reservoir containing fluid, the fluid reservoir being defined in part by a base wall, and having a stir bar located in the fluid reservoir adjacent to the base wall, and having a fluid ejection chip having a fluid ejection direction; positioning the fluidic dispensing device at a predetermined orientation, wherein the fluid ejection direction is oriented in a range of upward vertical, plus or minus 90 degrees; and rotating the stir bar in a first rotational direction starting with a first rotational speed and increasing rotational velocity from the first rotational speed to a second rotational speed.

A method for preparing a dispersion of nanoparticles of a solid organic dye or pigment in a liquid carrier, and dispersions formed by such a method. The method includes continuously mixing: at least one solution or slurry containing a reactant precursor for the solid organic dye or pigment in an organic or other solvent with the liquid carrier in a counter current mixing reactor to obtain reaction of the reactant precursor and formation of the solid organic dye or pigment as a dispersion of nanoparticles in the liquid carrier and solvent mixture; optionally, removing unreacted reactant precursor and/or by-product from the dispersion when present; and optionally, concentrating the dispersion.

A mixing apparatus for mixing fluids, in particular inks of different colours for fountain pens, the mixing apparatus comprising containers (12a-12d), each adapted for storing a fluid, a tube element (13a-13e), for each container (12a-12d), connected to the container (12a-12d) and having a dispensing end portion at its end being opposite the container (12a-12d), a fluid feed device adapted for dispensing fluid from the containers (12a-12d) via the dispensing end portions, and a mixing space part encasing element (45) having a mixing space part in its inner space, the dispensing end portions of the tube elements (13a-13e) are arranged to extend into the mixing space part, and a filling unit (10) having a base portion (44) and a neck portion (40) adapted for holding the mixing space part encasing element (45), and the base portion (44) and the neck portion (40) are configured to be movable relative to each other, and are adapted for encompassing a container (25) being connectible to the fluid discharge portion. The invention is furthermore a mixing system for mixing fluids comprising a data entry unit (200), a control unit, and the mixing apparatus. The invention is furthermore a fountain pen (100) comprising a container (25) adapted for storing ink which is filled up applying the mixing apparatus.