The invention relates to a nozzle (101, 201, 301, 401, 501, 601, 701, 801, 901, 1001) for spraying substances, in particular dispersions, emulsions or suspensions.

Please replace the Abstract at page 41 with the following replacement paragraph: A nozzle, for spraying materials, in particular, dispersions, emulsions, or suspensions.

Disclosed are processes for forming compositions comprising small domains of an active agent and a matrix material, and methods of using them. A suspension of an active agent, a matrix material, a first solvent, and a second solvent is formed at a temperature T.sub.1, heated to a temperature T.sub.2 and spray dried.

Disclosed are processes for forming compositions comprising small domains of an active agent and a matrix material, and methods of using them. A suspension of an active agent, a matrix material, a first solvent, and a second solvent is formed at a temperature T.sub.1, heated to a temperature T.sub.2 and spray dried.

Disclosed is a method for producing silicon nanoparticles in a plasma reactor including a reaction chamber presenting an inner surface. The method includes introducing a halogen gas into the reaction chamber of the plasma reactor. The method further includes igniting a plasma within the reaction chamber while the halogen gas is present within the reaction chamber. Atoms of the halogen gas at least partially form a coating on the inure surface of the reaction chamber. The method includes introducing a reactant gas mixture including a silicon precursor gas and a first inert gas into the reaction chamber of the plasma reactor. The method also includes forming the silicon nanoparticles in the plasma reactor. A silicon nanoparticles composition is also disclosed. The silicon nanoparticles composition comprises the silicon nanoparticles produced according to the method.

Provided is a method for producing particles, the method including a particle generating step of forming a product particle flow including target product particles by heating a segmented reaction raw material liquid flow divided into segments by a gas for segmentation under applying pressure at a pressure P.sub.1 (MPa) and at a heating temperature T (° C.) to react the raw material for particle formation to generate the target product particles, in which, at the particle generating step, (V.sub.d/V.sub.c) is 0.200 to 7.00 and the pressure P.sub.1 at the particle generating step is 2.0 times or more a vapor pressure P.sub.2 (MPa) of a solvent at the heating temperature T. According to the present invention, a method for producing particles having a narrow particle size distribution with high production efficiency can be provided.

Systems and methods for preparing and dispersing dry powders are disclosed herein. The system includes a powder feeder, a rotating holder or disc configured to receive an input powder from the powder feeder, and one or more ultrasonic transducers. The ultrasonic transducer is configured to create standing waves, which suspend the input powder within a space above the rotating holder disc for collection and subsequent processing and/or use. Also disclosed herein is an adapter configured to fit existing off-the-shelf powder dispensers that includes an ultrasonic transducer configured to suspend an input powder in midair for collection.

Disclosed is a method for preparing a nanoparticle composition. The method includes forming a nanoparticle aerosol in a low pressure reactor, wherein the aerosol comprises MX-functional nanoparticles entrained in a gas, where M is an independently selected Group IV element and X is a functional group independently selected from H and a halogen atom. The method further includes collecting the MX-functional nanoparticles of the aerosol in a capture fluid, where the capture fluid is in fluid communication with the low pressure reactor. The capture fluid includes a polar aprotic fluid immiscible with water and having a viscosity of from 5 to 200 centipoise at 25° C. The capture fluid further includes a functionalization compound miscible with the polar aprotic fluid, the functionalization compound comprising a functional group Y reactive with the functional group X of the MX-functional nanoparticles.

Disclosed is a method for preparing a nanoparticle composition. The method includes forming a nanoparticle aerosol in a low pressure reactor, wherein the aerosol comprises MX-functional nanoparticles entrained in a gas, where M is an independently selected Group IV element and X is a functional group independently selected from H and a halogen atom. The method further includes collecting the MX-functional nanoparticles of the aerosol in a capture fluid, where the capture fluid is in fluid communication with the low pressure reactor. The capture fluid includes a polar aprotic fluid immiscible with water and having a viscosity of from 5 to 200 centipoise at 25° C. The capture fluid further includes a functionalization compound miscible with the polar aprotic fluid, the functionalization compound comprising a functional group Y reactive with the functional group X of the MX-functional nanoparticles.

The present disclosure relates to a nozzle system for use in a microfluidic production application for producing at least one of particles, capsules or fibers. The system has a main body portion having a compressed fluid inlet and a core fluid inlet, and a plurality of parallel arranged core fluid nozzles that receive the core fluid and create a plurality of core fluid streams. At least one compressed fluid inlet associated with the main body channels compressed fluid to areas adjacent ends of the core fluid nozzles. An apertured plate having a plurality of apertures is arranged near the ends of the core fluid nozzles, with each aperture being uniquely associated with a single one of the core fluid nozzles. The compressed fluid acts on the core fluid streams exiting the core fluid nozzles to help create, with the apertures, at least one of core fluid droplets or core fluid fibers from the core fluid streams.