A structural improvement for microwave-assisted high temperature high-pressure chemistry vessel systems is disclosed that among other advantages offers dynamic venting and resealing while a reaction proceeds and eliminates the risk of cross contamination associated with systems that use a common pressurized chamber. The improvement includes a relatively thin-walled disposable liner cylinder that includes one closed end and one open end defining a mouth, and a liner cap positioned in the mouth of the rigid liner cylinder for closing the rigid liner cylinder. The liner cap includes a depending column that engages the inside diameter of the rigid liner cylinder, and a disk at one end of the depending column having a diameter sufficient to rest upon the rigid liner cylinder without falling into the rigid cylinder liner so that the cylindrical liner cap can rest in the rigid liner cylinder at the mouth of the rigid liner cylinder. The depending column, includes a passage to provide a gas venting space, and a dynamic venting action, between the liner cap and the rigid liner cylinder.

A recirculating high pressure lipid extractor includes a kettle with a sealed interior configured for pressurizing and heating a fluid mixture. A flow funnel is positioned in a lower portion. A removable material basket is positioned on top of the flow funnel in an upper section. The removable material basket is configured to hold a material inside the removable material basket. A drain and inlet port is at a bottom of the kettle in communication with the sealed interior of the kettle. A recirculation port is approximate a top of the kettle in communication with the sealed interior of the kettle. Wherein, when the fluid mixture is inserted into the kettle, the recirculating high pressure lipid extractor is configured to pressurize and heat the fluid mixture and recirculate the pressurized and heated fluid mixture from the recirculation port into the drain and inlet port.

A recirculating high pressure lipid extractor includes a kettle with a sealed interior configured for pressurizing and heating a fluid mixture. A flow funnel is positioned in a lower portion. A removable material basket is positioned on top of the flow funnel in an upper section. The removable material basket is configured to hold a material inside the removable material basket. A drain and inlet port is at a bottom of the kettle in communication with the sealed interior of the kettle. A recirculation port is approximate a top of the kettle in communication with the sealed interior of the kettle. Wherein, when the fluid mixture is inserted into the kettle, the recirculating high pressure lipid extractor is configured to pressurize and heat the fluid mixture and recirculate the pressurized and heated fluid mixture from the recirculation port into the drain and inlet port.

A sealed, passively pumped, polycrystalline ceramic vacuum chamber and method for fabricating the chamber are disclosed. The body of the vacuum chamber is made from a polycrystalline ceramic, for example, alumina. The vacuum chamber includes one or more windows made from a transparent ceramic, for example, sapphire, to accommodate optical access, while remaining amorphous-glass free to minimize or eliminate helium permeation. The vacuum chamber components are joined via laser welding or furnace brazing and the completed chamber is bakeable at temperatures up to 400° C. The vacuum chamber can operate at high or ultra-high vacuum pressures for an extended period through the use of one or more getter-based pumps. The vacuum chamber may include one or more atomic sources depending upon the application.

A sealed, passively pumped, polycrystalline ceramic vacuum chamber and method for fabricating the chamber are disclosed. The body of the vacuum chamber is made from a polycrystalline ceramic, for example, alumina. The vacuum chamber includes one or more windows made from a transparent ceramic, for example, sapphire, to accommodate optical access, while remaining amorphous-glass free to minimize or eliminate helium permeation. The vacuum chamber components are joined via laser welding or furnace brazing and the completed chamber is bakeable at temperatures up to 400° C. The vacuum chamber can operate at high or ultra-high vacuum pressures for an extended period through the use of one or more getter-based pumps. The vacuum chamber may include one or more atomic sources depending upon the application.

A pressure-control temperature-control hypergravity experimental device includes a high pressure reactor, a hydraulic oil station, a manifold board, a hypergravity water pressure control module, a hypergravity mining control module, a kettle body temperature control module, and a data collection box. The hydraulic oil station is connected to the manifold board and then two paths are formed. The two paths are respectively connected to the high pressure reactor via the hypergravity water pressure control module and the hypergravity mining control module. The kettle body temperature control module is connected to the high pressure reactor. The high pressure reactor, the manifold board, the data collection box, the hypergravity water pressure control module and the hypergravity mining control module are disposed on a hypergravity centrifuge air-conditioning chamber. The hydraulic oil station, a computer and the kettle body temperature control module are disposed outside the hypergravity centrifuge air-conditioning chamber.

A pressure-control temperature-control hypergravity experimental device includes a high pressure reactor, a hydraulic oil station, a manifold board, a hypergravity water pressure control module, a hypergravity mining control module, a kettle body temperature control module, and a data collection box. The hydraulic oil station is connected to the manifold board and then two paths are formed. The two paths are respectively connected to the high pressure reactor via the hypergravity water pressure control module and the hypergravity mining control module. The kettle body temperature control module is connected to the high pressure reactor. The high pressure reactor, the manifold board, the data collection box, the hypergravity water pressure control module and the hypergravity mining control module are disposed on a hypergravity centrifuge air-conditioning chamber. The hydraulic oil station, a computer and the kettle body temperature control module are disposed outside the hypergravity centrifuge air-conditioning chamber.

A plug (10) for plugging a port (P) in a flow reactor comprises a metal guide (12) having first and second ends (14,16) and a wall (18) surrounding a cylindrical interior volume (20) having an opening (22) at the first end (14); a plug body (40) having a first face (42) and an opposing second face (44) and a side surface (46) and positioned partially within the interior volume (20) with the first face (42) protruding from the opening (22); wherein the plug body (40) comprises a chemically resistant first polymer constituting at least the first face (42) and a thermally resistant second polymer constituting at least the second face (44) and at least a portion of the side surface (46).

A reactor for coating particles includes one or more motors, a rotary vacuum chamber configured to hold particles to be coated, wherein the rotary vacuum chamber is coupled to the motors, a controller configured to cause the motors to rotate the rotary vacuum chamber about an axial axis of the rotary vacuum chamber such that the particles undergo tumbling agitation, a vacuum port to exhaust gas from the rotary vacuum chamber, a paddle assembly including a rotatable drive shaft extending through the rotary vacuum chamber and coupled to the motors and at least one paddle extending radially from the drive shaft, such that rotation of the drive shaft by the motors orbits the paddle about the drive shaft in a second direction, and a chemical delivery system including a gas outlet on the paddle configured inject process gas into the particles.

The extraction cell according to the invention for extracting a sample is substantially characterized by the following features: a tubular extraction body having a first end and an opposite second end which has an interior space for receiving the sample, a first closure arrangement for sealingly closing the first end of the tubular extraction body, a second closure arrangement for sealingly closing the second end of the tubular extraction body, wherein the first closure arrangement has a first fluid port for supplying or discharging a fluid and the second closure arrangement has a second fluid port for supplying or discharging a fluid. Furthermore, between the extraction body and the first closure arrangement and between the extraction body and the second closure arrangement, at least one adhesive arrangement is provided for holding the first and the second closure arrangements on the extraction body.