In an embodiment, a process to convert a feed includes introducing a feed to an oligomerization catalyst in an oligomerization reactor to form a first reactor effluent; introducing the first reactor effluent to a distillation unit to form a first distillation effluent and a second distillation effluent, the second distillation effluent comprising an oligomer of isobutylene; and introducing the second distillation effluent to a cracking reactor to form a cracking reactor effluent comprising a high purity isobutylene. In another embodiment, an apparatus includes a feed line coupled to a first end of an oligomerization reactor; a first distillation unit coupled with a second end of the oligomerization reactor; a first end of a cracking reactor coupled to a second end of the first distillation unit via a first line; a first end of an isomerization reactor coupled to: a third end of the first distillation unit and the feed line.

A chemical precursor container is disclosed. The container includes a vessel and a lid that define an interior volume, an inlet conduit, an outlet conduit, and a flow distributor positioned inside the vessel and in fluid flow communication with the inlet conduit. The flow distributor has an annular shape and includes a distributor floor having a plurality of apertures formed therein for expelling carrier gas therethrough. The flow distributor includes an inner annular wall that defines a porthole in the flow distributor that allows fluid to pass through the flow distributor from the interior volume of the vessel to the outlet conduit.

Disclosed is a device for distillation decolorization and purification of alcohol in maltol production. The device comprises a rectification column, an alkali hydrolysis kettle and an alkali hydrolysis rectification column. An upper outlet of the rectification column is connected to an inlet of the alkali hydrolysis kettle, an outlet of the alkali hydrolysis kettle is connected to an inlet of the alkali hydrolysis rectification column, and an upper outlet of the alkali hydrolysis rectification column is connected to an inlet of a finished product tank. Further disclosed is a method for distillation decolorization and purification of alcohol in maltol production. A product processed by the solution of the present application has a high purity.

A reaction apparatus, comprising: a reaction kettle; a circulation loop, comprising a circulation pipeline and a circulator pump provided on the circulation pipeline, a discharging end of the circulator pump being communicated with the top of the reaction kettle by means of a circulation valve and a charging end of the circulator pump being communicated with the bottom of the reaction kettle by means of a block valve; a feeding loop, comprising a feeding pipeline and a bypass pipeline, the feeding pipeline being provided between the block valve and the circulator pump and being communicated with the circulation pipeline, the bypass pipeline being provided with a control valve, and one end of the bypass pipeline being communicated with the discharging end of the circulator pump and the other end thereof being communicated with the bottom of the reaction kettle; and a discharging loop, comprising a discharging pipeline provided between the circulator pump and the circulation valve and communicated with the circulation pipeline, the discharging pipeline being provided with a discharging valve.

Methods and systems for temperature-controlled, on-site generation of peracids, namely peroxycarboxylic acids and peroxycarboxylic acid forming compositions are disclosed. In particular, methods for using an adjustable biocide formulator or generator system overcome the limitations of temperature on the kinetics of the peracid generation and/or peracid decomposition inside an adjustable biocide formulator or generator system. The methods include the controlling of the temperature of at least one raw starting material, namely water, to improve upon methods of on-site generation of peracids. The methods allow for the generation of user-selected chemistry without regard to the ambient temperatures of the raw starting materials and/or the biocide formulator or generator system.

Process vessels can contain one or more entry zones containing stability-improving materials. The entry zones address bed movement and filtration problems. The stability-improving material can be positioned above a treating zone or above a processing bed within the vessel. Entry Zones are intended to improve the stability of downstream operations.

The present invention relates to the field of gas/liquid reactors permitting the oligomerization of olefins to give linear olefins by homogeneous catalysis, comprising a reaction chamber and vertical internal means of compartmentalization.

The invention relates to a pressure loss production device (1) having a process gas inflow (2) that has a process gas inflow inlet (5), a process gas inflow outlet (6), a process gas inflow longitudinal center axis (A-A), and a process gas inflow cross-sectional surface (7), having a process gas distributor (3) that has a process gas distributor longitudinal center axis (B-B), a process gas distributor cross-sectional surface (8), a process gas distributor inlet (10) arranged on a first end face (9) and a process gas distributor outlet (12) arranged on a second end face (11), and having a process gas outflow (4) that comprises a process gas outflow inlet (13), a process gas outflow outlet (14), a process gas outflow longitudinal center axis (C-C), and a process gas outflow cross-sectional surface (15), wherein the process gas inflow (2) is connected with the first end face (9) of the process gas distributor (3), and the second end face (11) of the process gas distributor (3) is connected with the process gas outflow (4), in such a manner that a continuous flow path (16) is formed, wherein the process gas inflow (2) and process gas outflow (4) are arranged, relative to one another, in such a manner that the process gas inflow longitudinal center axis (A-A) and the process gas outflow longitudinal center axis (C-C) are arranged offset from one another, and to its use in a reactor system (31).

Compositions, methods, and reactors related to hydrogen production are generally described.

Systems and methods for preparing and dispersing dry powders are disclosed herein. The system includes a powder feeder, a rotating holder or disc configured to receive an input powder from the powder feeder, and one or more ultrasonic transducers. The ultrasonic transducer is configured to create standing waves, which suspend the input powder within a space above the rotating holder disc for collection and subsequent processing and/or use. Also disclosed herein is an adapter configured to fit existing off-the-shelf powder dispensers that includes an ultrasonic transducer configured to suspend an input powder in midair for collection.