An additive dispensing device for dispensing of additives into a pressurised vessel, more particularly a fermentation vessel of a brewing system, is disclosed. The device has a vessel body including a chamber, the chamber having a closed end and an open end. A pressure release means is provided between the chamber and atmosphere. A controllable valve positioned between the closed end and the open end, configured to selectively open and close a flow path between the closed end and the open end.

An additive dispensing device for dispensing of additives into a pressurised vessel, more particularly a fermentation vessel of a brewing system, is disclosed. The device has a vessel body including a chamber, the chamber having a closed end and an open end. A pressure release means is provided between the chamber and atmosphere. A controllable valve positioned between the closed end and the open end, configured to selectively open and close a flow path between the closed end and the open end.

Disclosed herein is a constant shear continuous reactor device, comprising: an annular gas delivery tube comprising a gas inlet and a gas outlet; a first annular liquid delivery tube comprising a first liquid inlet and a first liquid outlet arranged concentrically around the annular gas delivery tube along a common axis, where the first liquid outlet is located at a downstream position relative to the gas outlet or is coterminous with the gas outlet; and an annular reactor wall tube comprising a final liquid inlet, a mixing zone section and a reactor outlet, where the annular reactor wall tube is arranged concentrically around the first annular liquid delivery tube along the common axis.

Disclosed herein is a synthetic method, apparatus, and system for the continuous-flow synthesis of 3,4-dinitropyrazole from pyrazole in a microfluidic environment. This synthetic strategy consist of three (3) synthetic steps, including (1) N-nitration of pyrazole, (2) thermal rearrangement into 3-nitropyrazole, and (3) 4-nitration of 3-nitropyrazole. The current technique produces 3,4-dinitropyrazole in yields up to 85% in particular embodiments, in comparison to 40-50% yields demonstrated by the current state of-the-art batch process for large scale synthesis from pyrazole.

The present invention relates to a microfluidic flow process for making monomers, monomers made by such processes, and methods of using such monomers. In such process, microfluidic reaction technology is used to synthesize cyanation reaction products orders of magnitude faster than is possible in batch and continuous syntheses. The aforementioned process does require strictly regulated, highly toxic cyanogen chloride. Thus the aforementioned process is more economically efficient and reduces the environmental impact of thermosetting resin monomer production, and produces thermosetting resin monomers in greater purity than obtained through typical processes.

A dispensing apparatus, a liquid dispensing method, and a cell dispensing method which can dispense liquid with very high accuracy. A dispensing apparatus includes a glass pipette, a tubular elastic member, a rod-shaped member, and a piezoelectric element actuator. A portion of the tubular elastic member located adjacent to a first open end thereof covers a portion of the glass pipette located adjacent to an opening portion thereof. A portion of the tubular elastic member located adjacent to a second open end thereof covers at least a forward end portion of the rod-shaped member. When the piezoelectric element actuator pushes the rod-shaped member toward the opening portion of the glass pipette, the tubular elastic member deforms such that the volume of the internal space of the tubular elastic member decreases.

A peptide synthesis instrument can be used for small scale peptide synthesis. The instrument can include several unique features, including a compression style reaction vessel permitting quick setup of the reaction vessel, a double reaction vessel system permitting efficient mixing without loss of solvent or solvent-to-resin contact, gravity-fed heated reservoirs establishing a fixed volume for delivery to the reaction vessel, fume-free solvent addition permitting solvent addition to fixed bottles, and an improved amino acid manifold assembly which reduces the number of components and increases the ease of use of the instrument. Each of these features improve upon the current state of the art in solid phase automated peptide synthesizers.

A calcium reaction control method and device, which can adjust the input amount of carbon dioxide gas inputted into the calcium reactor according to the measurement of the concentration of carbonate ions in the solution to be tested, and input the calcium reaction water from the calcium reactor into the water tank to provide the required carbonate ion concentration in the water tank. By means of the present invention, the amount of carbon dioxide input and the amount of calcium reaction water can be controlled, which can improve the control accuracy and ease of use.

A calcium reaction control method and device, which can adjust the input amount of carbon dioxide gas inputted into the calcium reactor according to the measurement of the concentration of carbonate ions in the solution to be tested, and input the calcium reaction water from the calcium reactor into the water tank to provide the required carbonate ion concentration in the water tank. By means of the present invention, the amount of carbon dioxide input and the amount of calcium reaction water can be controlled, which can improve the control accuracy and ease of use.

The present disclosure relates to a manufacturing system and a manufacturing method which are capable of continuously manufacturing an ester-based composition, and has a technical feature of being capable of manufacturing an ether-based composition continuously, economically, and efficiently.