The present disclosure provides a process for preparing a reforming catalyst, said process comprising: (a) impregnating at least one support with at least one promoter metal and at least one active metallic component to obtain a second catalytic precursor; (b) contacting the second catalytic precursor with at least one non-metallic component to obtain a third catalytic precursor; (c) coating the third catalytic precursor with at least one silanizing agent to obtain a coated third catalytic precursor; and (d) drying the coated third catalytic precursor to obtain a dried third catalytic precursor followed by calcination of the dried third catalytic precursor to obtain the reforming catalyst. The present disclosure also provides a reforming catalyst and the process for catalytically reforming a hydrocarbon feed stream by using the reforming catalyst.

A three-way catalyst for reduced palladium loading is provided. The catalyst includes an inert substrate and a palladium catalyst material coating the substrate. The palladium catalyst material includes a support material formed from one of 10% CeO.sub.2/Al.sub.2O.sub.3, 20% CeO.sub.2—Al.sub.2O.sub.3 (20CeAlOy), 30% CeO.sub.2—Al.sub.2O.sub.3 (30CeAlOy), Al.sub.2O.sub.3, and MOx-Al.sub.2O.sub.3, wherein M is one of copper, iron, manganese, titanium, zirconium, magnesium, strontium, and barium. The palladium catalyst material includes a layer of CeO.sub.2 material disposed upon the support material, wherein the layer of CeO.sub.2 material is dispersed on a surface of the support material. The palladium catalyst material includes an active component including a layer of praseodymium oxide particles dispersed across the surface of the layer of CeO.sub.2 material and a layer of palladium particles disposed upon and dispersed across the surface of the layer of CeO.sub.2 material at locations each corresponding to a respective location of each of the praseodymium particles.

A three-way catalyst for reduced palladium loading is provided. The catalyst includes an inert substrate and a palladium catalyst material coating the substrate. The palladium catalyst material includes a support material formed from one of 10% CeO.sub.2/Al.sub.2O.sub.3, 20% CeO.sub.2—Al.sub.2O.sub.3 (20CeAlOy), 30% CeO.sub.2—Al.sub.2O.sub.3 (30CeAlOy), Al.sub.2O.sub.3, and MOx-Al.sub.2O.sub.3, wherein M is one of copper, iron, manganese, titanium, zirconium, magnesium, strontium, and barium. The palladium catalyst material includes a layer of CeO.sub.2 material disposed upon the support material, wherein the layer of CeO.sub.2 material is dispersed on a surface of the support material. The palladium catalyst material includes an active component including a layer of praseodymium oxide particles dispersed across the surface of the layer of CeO.sub.2 material and a layer of palladium particles disposed upon and dispersed across the surface of the layer of CeO.sub.2 material at locations each corresponding to a respective location of each of the praseodymium particles.

Presented is a catalyst composition having exceptional properties for converting sulfur, sulfur compounds, and carbon monoxide contained in gas streams by catalyzed hydrolysis, hydrogenation and water-gas shift reactions. The catalyst comprises underbedded molybdenum and cobalt with an overlayer of molybdenum and cobalt. These metals are present in the catalyst within certain concentration ranges and relative weight ratios. The underbedded metals are present in the catalyst within a specified range relative to the overlayer and total metals. The underbedded metals are formed by co-mulling an inorganic oxide with the catalytically active metals of molybdenum and cobalt. The co-mulled mixture is calcined and then impregnated with overlaid molybdenum and cobalt.

A Fenton-like catalyst material with an electron-poor Cu center and a preparation method and use thereof are provided. The preparation method includes: step 1: dissolving bismuth nitrate pentahydrate in a nitric acid solution and diluting a resulting solution with deionized water to obtain a solution A; step 2: adding citric acid to the solution A and adjusting a pH of a resulting solution with ammonia water to obtain a solution B; step 3: dissolving aluminium isopropoxide (AIP), copper chloride dihydrate, and glucose in the solution B to obtain a suspension C; step 4: stirring the suspension C at a high temperature to allow evaporation until a solid D is completely precipitated; and step 5: subjecting the solid D to calcination in a muffle furnace to obtain the Fenton-like catalyst material. Under neutral conditions, the catalyst material exhibits a prominent removal effect for various toxic organic pollutants, especially for phenolic pollutants.

Presented is a catalyst composition having exceptional properties for converting sulfur, sulfur compounds, and carbon monoxide contained in gas streams by catalyzed hydrolysis, hydrogenation and water-gas shift reactions. The catalyst comprises underbedded molybdenum and cobalt with an overlayer of molybdenum and cobalt. These metals are present in the catalyst within certain concentration ranges and relative weight ratios. The underbedded metals are present in the catalyst within a specified range relative to the overlayer and total metals. The underbedded metals are formed by co-mulling an inorganic oxide with the catalytically active metals of molybdenum and cobalt. The co-mulled mixture is calcined and then impregnated with overlaid molybdenum and cobalt.

There is provided a dehydrogenation catalyst for producing olefins from alkane gases, in which a metal active component is supported on an alumina carrier containing boron. There is provided a method for preparing a dehydrogenation catalyst for producing olefins from alkane gases. The method includes impregnating alumina in a boron-containing solution and calcining it to provide a boron-alumina carrier; providing a solution containing the metal active component; impregnating the boron-alumina solution in the solution containing the metal active component and drying it; and calcining the boron-alumina carrier on which the metal active component is supported at 700° C. to 900° C.

A nanoparticle cluster reduction method yields a new composition of matter including a large percentage (e.g., 75% or higher percentage) of primary nanoparticles in the new composition of matter. The particle reduction method reduces the size of nanoparticle clusters in material of the new composition of matter, allows particle reduction of specific nanoparticle cluster sizes, and allows particle reduction to primary nanoparticles. This new composition of matter can include a high permittivity and high resistivity dielectric compound. This new composition of matter, according to certain examples, has high permittivity, high resistivity, and low leakage current. In certain examples, the new composition of matter constitutes a dielectric energy storage device that is a battery with very high energy density, high operating voltage per cell, and an extended battery life cycle. An example method can include a controlled gas evolution reaction to reduce the size of nanoparticle clusters.

The invention relates to a system and a method for the processing of minerals containing the lanthanide series and the production of rare earth oxides, which allow a completely closed and continuous treatment of the different materials and desorbent agents involved in the process, thus improving the efficiency in the extraction and avoiding environmental risks associated. The method comprising the steps of: reception and conditioning of the raw material; desorption of valuable product through a plurality of mixing and reaction stages in which the raw material is contacted in countercurrent with a stream of desorbent solution; separation of fine solids; precipitation of secondary minerals through the use of a first reactive solution; precipitation of rare earth carbonates through the use of a second reactive solution; and drying and roasting of the rare earth carbonates to obtain rare earth oxides; wherein the method further comprises a secondary process that allows further processing of the residual mineral, and a dewatering and washing step wherein the residual mineral from the desorption step is washed and a lanthanide-containing liquid is recovered.

In an aspect, a method for making a metal-containing material comprises steps of: forming a metal-containing hydrogel from an aqueous precursor mixture using a photopolymerization; wherein the aqueous precursor mixture comprises water, one or more aqueous photosensitive binders, and one or more aqueous metal salts; and thermally treating the metal-containing hydrogel to form the metal-containing material; wherein the metal-containing hydrogel is exposed to a thermal-treatment atmosphere during the step of thermally treating; wherein a composition of the metal-containing material is at least partially determined by a composition of the thermal-treatment atmosphere during the thermally treating step.