The present specification relates to a method comprising: (A) mixing a ferrite-based catalyst molded article with diluent material particles; and (B) adding the mixture to a catalyst reactor, and a method for preparing butadiene using the same.

A turbulent fluidized bed reactor, device and method for preparing para-xylene and co-producing light olefins from methanol and/or dimethyl ether and toluene, resolving or improving the competition problem between an MTO reaction and an alkylation reaction during the process of producing para-xylene and co-producing light olefins from methanol and/or dimethyl ether and toluene, and achieving a synergistic effect between the MTO reaction and the alkylation reaction. By controlling the mass transfer and reaction, competition between the MTO reaction and the alkylation reaction is coordinated and optimized to facilitate a synergistic effect of the two reactions, so that the conversion rate of toluene, the yield of para-xylene, and the selectivity of light olefins are increased. The turbulent fluidized bed reactor includes a first reactor feed distributor and a number of second reactor feed distributors and are arranged sequentially along the gas flow direction.

A process for processing carbonaceous material, the process comprising: delivering a carbonaceous material to a reactor; delivering a catalyst to the reactor; processing the carbonaceous material at a relatively low temperature within the reactor to decompose the carbonaceous material to base compounds.

A method of producing a composite product is provided. The method includes providing a fluidized bed of metal oxide particles in a fluidized bed reactor, providing a catalyst or catalyst precursor in the fluidized bed reactor, providing a carbon source in the fluidized bed reactor for growing carbon nanotubes, growing carbon nanotubes in a carbon nanotube growth zone of the fluidized bed reactor, and collecting a composite product comprising metal oxide particles and carbon nanotubes.

Oxidative dehydrogenation catalysts including mixed oxides of Mo, V, Nb, Te, and optionally a promoter may be dissolved in aqueous solutions of oxalic acid. This permits the removal of catalyst and catalyst residues from reactors for the oxidative dehydrogenation of paraffins and particularly ethane.

A feed distribution apparatus and method of using such an apparatus are provided for introducing a three-phase flow into a moving bed reactor that is operated under co-current flow conditions. The feed distribution apparatus can allow for separate introduction of liquid and solids in a manner that allows for even distribution of liquid within the solids. The gas portion of the flow can be introduced in any of a variety of convenient manners for distributing gas into a liquid or solid flow.

The invention relates to tubular reactors. In particular the invention provides for a reactor internal component for a fixed bed reactor which is axially receivable within a portion of an internal reaction cavity of a reactor tube. The reactor internal component includes a tubular insert, having a tubular wall with an outer surface shaped and dimensioned to fit into the internal reaction cavity of the reactor tube, the tubular insert having an inner passage of varied diameter which is operable to change a profile of the internal reaction cavity, in use to improve temperature distribution in a catalyst bed provided within the internal reaction cavity of the reactor tube.

Metastable state spore incubation mixing systems are described. An example system includes a spore container to store spores, a nutrient container, an arrangement of valves and tubes, a reciprocating pump, a mixing tube, and a holding tank. In a drawing phase of the system, a controller can control the reciprocating pump to draw a ratioed volume of the spores, the nutrients, and water through the valves and tubes. During an expelling phase of the system, the controller can control flow control valves to direct the spores, nutrients, and water through the mixing tube and into the holding tank. The controller can also direct a heater to heat the mixture in the holding tank to a predetermined temperature. Once the mixture reaches the temperature, the controller can also direct the system through a number of other phases of operation, including cooling and purging phases.

A catalyst carrier for insertion in a reactor tube of a tubular reactor, said catalyst carrier comprising: a container for holding catalyst in use, said container having a bottom surface closing the container, and a top surface; a carrier outer wall extending from the bottom surface to the top surface; a seal extending from the container by a distance which extends beyond the carrier outer wall; said carrier outer wall having apertures located below the seal.

A casing intended to be equipped with at least one section of packing for a gas/liquid separation column comprises at least a tubular wall extending along a longitudinal direction between two longitudinal ends and an internal face of which contributes to delimiting a housing for the section of packing, the tubular wall contributing to delimiting, at one of its longitudinal ends, an entry opening, the casing comprising an end wall located at the opposite longitudinal end to the entry opening, the casing comprising at least a first hooping device and at least a second hooping device which are positioned around the tubular wall of the casing in contact with an external face of the tubular wall, the first hooping device comprising at least one zone of connection with a movement system for the moving of the casing, the second hooping device having a longitudinal dimension shorter than a longitudinal dimension of the first hooping device.