The invention relates to an apparatus for analyzing heterogeneously catalyzed reactions comprising at least one reactor (3) through which a particulate catalyst flows and at least one reactant feed, wherein arranged downstream of each reactor (3) is a separation apparatus (17) for separating the particulate catalyst from a reaction product comprising condensable gases and arranged downstream of the separation apparatus (17) is a liquid separator (31) for separating liquid constituents from the reaction product, wherein the liquid separator (31) comprises a metallic tube (103) and a deflection body (119), wherein the metallic tube (103) is closed at its ends and the deflection body (119) is accommodated in the metallic tube (103) and the metallic tube (103) comprises a side feed (135) at a first end (105) and a gas outlet (113) at a second end (107) and the gas outlet (113) is connected to at least one sample vessel (37). The invention further relates to a process for analyzing heterogeneously catalyzed reactions in the apparatus.

The present invention relates to a method for improving the cooling capacity of a gas solids olefin polymerization reactor by splitting the fluidization gas and returning part of the fluidization gas to the reactor into the bottom zone of the reactor and another part of the fluidization gas directly into the dense phase formed by particles of a polymer of the at least one olefin suspended in an upwards flowing stream of the fluidization gas in the middle zone of the reactor.

Disclosed are a method and device for preventing carbon deposition in a fluidized bed reactor for the organosilicon monomer synthesis. The device includes a tank, at least one U-shaped heat exchange tube, and at least one upper flow-guide block. The U-shaped heat exchange tube includes an elbow portion, and is arranged vertically with the elbow portion at a lower end. The upper flow-guide block is arranged on an upper surface of the elbow portion. A width of the upper flow-guide block decreases from an end connected to the elbow portion to an end away from the elbow portion.

The present invention relates to a method of subjecting a biomass feedstock to hydropyrolysis, the method at least comprising the steps of: a) supplying a biomass feedstock and a fluidizing gas comprising hydrogen to a bulk reactor zone of a fluidized bed reactor containing a deoxygenating catalyst; b) subjecting the biomass feedstock in the bulk reactor zone of the fluidized bed reactor to a hydropyrolysis reaction by contacting the biomass feedstock with the deoxygenating catalyst in the presence of the fluidizing gas, thereby obtaining a hydropyrolysis reactor output comprising at least one non-condensable gas, a partially deoxygenated hydropyrolysis product and char; wherein the bulk reactor zone is cooled by means of a cooling fluid flowing through a plurality of tubes running through the bulk reactor zone, the plurality of tubes having inlets into and outlets from the bulk reactor zone; and wherein the cooling fluid flowing in the tubes at the point (‘A’) where the biomass feedstock enters the bulk reactor zone has a temperature of at least 320° C., preferably at least 340° C., more preferably at least 350° C., even more preferably at least 370° C., yet even more preferably at least 380° C.

A device for cooling a fine-grained solid includes a fluidized bed cooler/heater in which the solid is fluidized with a fluidizing gas and thereby releases energy in the form of heat within the cooler/heater at least two cyclones which are connected in parallel. The cyclones are arranged such that after the fluidization of the solid the fluidizing gas passes through the cyclones so contained particles are removed.

The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing hydrocarbons from plastic containing material, wherein the plastic containing material (1) is subjected into a pyrolysis reactor (2), steam (3) is fed into the pyrolysis reactor, and the plastic containing material is pyrolyzed with the steam by using a catalytic pyrolysis with a basic catalyst to convert the plastic containing material to a product (4) comprising hydrocarbons. Further, the invention relates to the use of the product obtained by the method.

Apparatuses and processes that produce multimodal polyolefins, and in particular, polyethylene resins, are disclosed herein. This is accomplished by using two reactors in series, where one of the reactors is a multi-zone circulating reactor that can circulate polyolefin particles through two polymerization zones optionally having two different flow regimes so that the final multimodal polyolefin has improved product properties and improved product homogeneity.

A fluidized catalytic reactor connected to a start-up heater is provided. The start-up heater provides sufficient heat to a catalyst containing stream to gradually increase the feed temperature. This allows for a critical volumetric flow rate to be achieved so that catalyst can be recovered from product instead of being entrained in product.

Processes and apparatuses for regenerating catalysts used in a hydrocarbon conversion process. The catalyst is separated into a bypass portion and an adsorption portion. The bypass portion is passed to a regeneration zone where coke may be removed. A vent gas from the regeneration zone may include an active additive from the catalyst, like a halogen. The vent gas is sent to an adsorption zone which also receives the adsorption portion. In the adsorption zone, the catalyst will contact and adsorb the active additive and then pass to the regeneration zone. The amount of active additive in the vent gas from the regeneration zone and the adsorption zone is reduced.

A cyclic metals deactivation system unit for the production of equilibrium catalyst materials including a cracker vessel configured for cracking and stripping a catalyst material; and a regenerator vessel in fluid communication with the cracker vessel, the regenerator vessel configured for regeneration and steam deactivation of the catalyst material.