Methods of producing peroxides of uranium may include preparing an aqueous solution comprising uranyl ions (UO.sub.2.sup.+2) in a vessel, bubbling ozone (O.sub.3) through the aqueous solution comprising the uranyl ions, and recovering the peroxide of uranium. The peroxide of uranium may comprise at least one of studtite (UO.sub.4.Math.4(H.sub.2O) or metastudtite (UO.sub.4.Math.2(H.sub.2O).

A method of operating a gas-solid fluidized bed (130) includes-flowing a pulsating gas flow upwards through a bed of solid particles from a distributor (104) to cause a dynamically structured bubble flow (130), and processing particles using the fluidized bed.

The disclosure provides a flushing process for removing polymer fouling from a reactor including a gas distributor proximal to the bottom thereof and an internal condenser proximal to the top thereof, the method including, for a first flushing time period, injecting a flushing solvent into the reactor and withdrawing the flushing solvent from a reactor outlet proximal to the internal condenser to induce an upward movement of flushing solvent, the withdrawn flushing solvent containing a first polymer content. After the first flushing time period is complete, for a second flushing time period, the process includes injecting a flushing solvent into the reactor and withdrawing the flushing solvent from a reactor outlet proximal to the gas distributor to induce a downward movement of flushing solvent, the withdrawn flushing solvent containing a second polymer content.

A bubble column reactor includes a reaction zone in which a reaction of a gaseous reactant is carried out in a liquid reaction medium, a first disengaging section provided above the reaction zone and into which a first effluent stream rising from the reaction zone is introduced, and a condensation zone provided above the first disengaging section. The bubble column reactor's condensation zone diameter is smaller than the diameter of the first disengaging section.

The present invention relates to a gas/liquid oligomerization reactor with successive zones of variable diameter. The invention also relates to a process for the oligomerization of ethylene using a gas/liquid oligomerization reactor with successive zones of variable diameter.

A foam sensor device is used for monitoring foam within a vessel. The sensor (e.g. accelerometer) is encapsulated inside a water-tight, sterilizable, shell, which floats on a liquid contained. In one example, the foam sensor device includes an accelerometer for detecting and measuring rotation and movement of the foam sensor device and generates movement data based on the detected movement. During a learning or calibration process, sensor data (e.g., movement data) from the foam sensor device is analyzed and classified using machine learning and/or signal processing methods to extract features indicative of different possible foam statuses, including varying levels of foam, or no foam and generate models for the different statuses. During normal operation, the foam sensor device transmits sensor data to an analyzer containing the pre-calibrated models, which determines whether there is foam or not. Based on the foam status, a pump controller adds anti-foam solution.

A reactor system includes a reactor vessel configured to contain a process fluid, and a sparger assembly that operably coupled to the reactor vessel and configured to supply a mixture of a gas and a recirculated process fluid to the reactor vessel. The sparger assembly includes a plurality of sparger chambers. Each sparger chamber includes a process fluid conduit fluidly coupled to a process fluid return of the reactor vessel via a process fluid inlet, wherein the process fluid inlet has a first block and bleed valve assembly. Each sparger chamber includes a sparger conduit fluidly coupled to the process fluid conduit and a sparger disposed within the sparger conduit and fluidly coupled to a gas source via a gas inlet. Each sparger chamber also includes a process fluid-gas mixture outlet that fluidly couples the sparger conduit to a sparger outlet of the reactor vessel.

A high-efficiency short-process production method and production system for carbonized silica is provided. The absorption reaction is completed in a small gas-liquid carbonization reaction kettle at atmospheric pressure, and the absorption is enhanced through high-intensity stirring and gas-liquid interface contact, so that the rapid and continuous reaction of CO.sub.2 gas and liquid sodium silicate in the carbonization reaction kettle is realized, and the high-efficiency absorption of carbon dioxide is realized under atmospheric pressure reaction conditions. Carbonization reaction is performed in a small-scale carbonization reaction kettle, and precipitation reaction can be performed in a large-scale precipitation reaction kettle according to the scale. Solid-liquid reaction is performed in the precipitation reaction kettle. By controlling the reaction time, reaction temperature and reaction pH, the fine particles of silicon dioxide generated by the absorption reaction are further aggregated and grown to form silicon dioxide particles with stable structure and reliable performance.

An apparatus and a method for manufacturing an isobutyric acid. The apparatus includes a reaction tank, air inlet and outlet tubes, and a stirrer in the reaction tank. The air inlet and outlet tubes are connected to the reaction tank, so as to respectively introduce a working gas into the reaction tank and guide a reacted gas out of the reaction tank. The stirrer includes a hollow shaft and blades. An air suction hole is formed on a first end of the hollow shaft and exposed from a liquid surface of the reaction tank. An air discharge hole is formed on a second end of the hollow shaft and immersed into the liquid surface. A condenser and an end of the air outlet tube opposite to the reaction tank are connected for condensation of the reacted gas, so as to obtain isobutyraldehyde and an exhaust gas.

A gasification device for gasification of a liquid medium with a gas supply, a control unit, a gas modulation unit and a bubble diffuser. The gas supply supplies a gas to the control unit, the gas modulation unit and the bubble diffuser. The control unit controls the gas volume flow or the pressure of the gas supplied to the gas modulation unit and to supply it to the gas modulation unit with a constant gas volume flow and/or a constant gas pressure. The gas modulation unit varies the gas volume flow and/or the pressure and supplies it to the liquid medium via the bubble diffuser provided with at least one opening, so that at least one bubble is formed at the opening of the bubble diffuser in the liquid medium.