Reactor for the synthesis of melamine from urea, in accordance with the high-pressure non-catalytic process, comprising: a vertical reactor body (1), at least one inlet (2) for the urea melt, a set of heating elements (3), and a central duct (7), said set of heating elements (3) being arranged inside said central duct.

A reactor and associated process for the high-pressure synthesis of melamine from urea, comprising a primary step of conversion of the urea into crude melamine inside a first chamber delimited by a shell inside a reactor body and a secondary step of stripping said crude melamine melt inside a second reaction chamber, which is coaxial with and situated outside said first chamber, inside the same reactor body.

A methane pyrolysis reactor and a methane pyrolysis method comprising the steps of: passing a natural gas stream; through a porous and permeable plate, to form natural gas bubbles; bubbling the natural gas stream through a molten metal column supported by the porous and permeable plate, to react methane to give hydrogen and carbon dioxide; separating a hydrogen gas stream; and a carbon slag; wherein the size of the pores of the porous and permeable plate is such that the capillary pressure required for the molten metal to enter the pores exceeds the bottom pressure of the molten metal column.

A method for revamping existing plants as well as a plant for the production of melamine with zero environmental impact and the relative process.

The invention provides a curing system that is useful for curing materials that consume carbon dioxide as a reagent. The system has a curing chamber that contains the material to be cured and a gas that contains carbon dioxide. The system includes apparatus that can deliver carbon dioxide to displace ambient air upon loading the system, that can provide carbon dioxide as it is needed and as it is consumed, that can control carbon dioxide concentration, temperature and humidity in the curing chamber during the curing cycle and that can record and display to a user the variables that occur during the curing process. A method of curing a material which requires CO.sub.2 as a curing reagent is also described.

Described herein are processes and apparatus for the large-scale synthesis of boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) by induction-coupled plasma (ICP). A boron-containing feedstock may be heated by ICP in the presence of nitrogen gas at an elevated pressure, to form vaporized boron. The vaporized boron may be cooled to form boron droplets, such as nanodroplets. Cooling may take place using a condenser, for example. BNNTs may then form downstream and can be harvested.

The present disclosure provides devices and systems that utilize concurrent and countercurrent exchange platforms to produce purified silicon.

A hydrocarbon cracking process for producing gaseous hydrogen and solid carbon in a medium consisting of a pool of molten metals and/or salts, characterized in that the heat required for the cracking reaction is supplied to said molten pool by circulating an electric current directly in said molten pool obtained by applying an electric field supplied by electrodes immersed in said molten pool.

Reactor for the synthesis of melamine from urea, in accordance with the high-pressure non-catalytic process, comprising: a vertical reactor body (1), at least one inlet (2) for the urea melt, a set of heating elements (3), and a central duct (7), said set of heating elements (3) being arranged inside said central duct.

The present disclosure provides devices and systems that utilize concurrent and countercurrent exchange platforms to produce purified silicon.