The invention provides a method and a plant for producing urea ammonium nitrate (UAN). The method involves the use of a condensation section, optionally in combination with a medium pressure decomposition section, between the dissociation and neutralization sections. The invention further provides a method of modifying an existing UAN plant. The advantages of the process of the invention are that the emission of CO.sub.2 can be reduced, the plant capacity can be increased and the high capital expenditure needed for CO.sub.2 compression equipment is reduced.

The present invention relates to a micro-interface strengthening reaction system and method for heavy oil hydrogenation preparation of ship fuel, including a liquid phase feed unit, a gas phase feed unit, a micro-interface generator, a fixed-bed reactor and a separation tank. The present invention may reduce the pressure during the reaction by 10-80% while ensuring the efficiency of the reaction by breaking the gas to form micro-sized micro-bubbles and making the micro-bubbles mix with heavy oil to form an emulsion to increase the area between the gas and the liquid phase and to achieve the effect of enhancing mass transfer in a lower preset range. And, the present invention greatly enhances the mass transfer, so that the gas-liquid ratio can be greatly reduced. Also, the method of the present invention has low process severity, high production safety, low product cost per ton, and strong market competitiveness.

Disclosed herein is a constant shear continuous reactor device, comprising: an annular gas delivery tube comprising a gas inlet and a gas outlet; a first annular liquid delivery tube comprising a first liquid inlet and a first liquid outlet arranged concentrically around the annular gas delivery tube along a common axis, where the first liquid outlet is located at a downstream position relative to the gas outlet or is coterminous with the gas outlet; and an annular reactor wall tube comprising a final liquid inlet, a mixing zone section and a reactor outlet, where the annular reactor wall tube is arranged concentrically around the first annular liquid delivery tube along the common axis.

Systems and methods for the gas-phase production of carbon nanotube (CNT)-nanoparticle (NP) hybrid materials in a flow-through pyrolytic reactor specially adapted to integrate nanoparticles (NP) into CNT material at the nanoscale level, and the second generation CNT-NP hybrid materials produced thereby.

The present invention relates to a micro-interface strengthening reaction system and method for heavy oil hydrogenation preparation of ship fuel, including a liquid phase feed unit, a gas phase feed unit, a micro-interface generator, a fixed-bed reactor and a separation tank. The present invention may reduce the pressure during the reaction by 10-80% while ensuring the efficiency of the reaction by breaking the gas to form micro-sized micro-bubbles and making the micro-bubbles mix with heavy oil to form an emulsion to increase the area between the gas and the liquid phase and to achieve the effect of enhancing mass transfer in a lower preset range. And, the present invention greatly enhances the mass transfer, so that the gas-liquid ratio can be greatly reduced. Also, the method of the present invention has low process severity, high production safety, low product cost per ton, and strong market competitiveness.

A catalytic membrane composite that includes porous supported catalyst particles durably enmeshed in a porous fibrillated polymer membrane is provided. The porous fibrillated polymer membrane may be manipulated to take the form of a tube, disc, or diced tape and used in multiphase reaction systems. The supported catalyst particles are composed of at least one finely divided metal catalyst dispersed on a porous support substrate. High catalytic activity is gained by the effective fine dispersion of the finely divided metal catalyst such that the metal catalyst covers the support substrate and/or is interspersed in the pores of the support substrate. In some embodiments, the catalytic membrane composite may be introduced to a stirred tank autoclave reactor system, a continuous flow reactor system, or a Parr Shaker reaction system and used to effect the catalytic reaction.

A honeycomb substrate holder for holding a honeycomb substrate, the honeycomb substrate holder comprising: an elastically deformable cylindrical inner circumferential wall; a cylindrical outer circumferential wall located outside the cylindrical inner circumferential wall with a cylindrical gap from the cylindrical inner circumferential wall; and two end faces sealing the cylindrical gap together with the cylindrical inner circumferential wall and the cylindrical outer circumferential wall, A honeycomb substrate can be inserted on the axial side of the cylindrical inner circumferential wall. Fluid can be circulated or held in the cylindrical gap. The cylindrical inner circumferential wall can be elastically deformed and pressed against an outer circumferential surface of the honeycomb substrate by pressurizing the fluid in the cylindrical gap.

A catalytic membrane composite that includes porous supported catalyst particles durably enmeshed in a porous fibrillated polymer membrane is provided. The porous fibrillated polymer membrane may be manipulated to take the form of a tube, disc, or diced tape and used in multiphase reaction systems. The supported catalyst particles are composed of at least one finely divided metal catalyst dispersed on a porous support substrate. High catalytic activity is gained by the effective fine dispersion of the finely divided metal catalyst such that the metal catalyst covers the support substrate and/or is interspersed in the pores of the support substrate. In some embodiments, the catalytic membrane composite may be introduced to a stirred tank autoclave reactor system, a continuous flow reactor system, or a Parr Shaker reaction system and used to effect the catalytic reaction.

A process and apparatus wherein a process material comprising two or more distinct phases are fed continuously to a tubular reactor containing an agitator wherein as the phases flow along the reactor the agitator displaces at least part of a first phase from its natural position to within a second phase where it is distributed within the second phase by the agitator and the agitator is designed to allow the first phase that is distributed within the second phase to flow naturally back towards its natural distinct position within the reactor as the phases pass through the reactor, useful for mixing and/or reacting liquid/liquid; gas/gas and liquid/gas mixtures as well as solid liquid mixtures.

The present subject matter relates an apparatus (120) for distributing polyphasic fluid mixture to a catalyst bed in a downflow reactor (100). The apparatus (120) comprises a distributor tray (140) comprising a plurality of distributor units (150). The distributor unit (150) comprises an inner tube (210), an outer tube (220) disposed outside and concentric to the inner tube (210), a cover (346), a cap plate (350), and a gas inlet (358). The inner tube comprises a first aperture (314) to allow liquid to enter the inner tube (210) and a solid insert (326). The solid insert (326) forms a narrow passage (330). The outer tube (220) comprises a slot (338) to allow liquid from the distributor tray (140) to enter an annular portion (342).