A method for disrupting solid materials suspended in a fluid medium includes introducing a fluid comprising solid materials dispersed in a fluid medium into a fluid duct, flowing the fluid through an annular space between a cylindrical wall of the fluid duct and an outer surface of a cylindrical acoustic projector that is concentric with the cylindrical wall, the acoustic projector comprising a plurality of hammer elements spaced apart from one another by a first plurality of slots in the acoustic projector, supplying electrical energy to a transducer coupled to the acoustic projector to cause the acoustic projector to vibrate, thereby causing cavitations in the fluid, and flowing the fluid through an outlet of the disruptor after the fluid has been exposed to the cavitations. The cavitations can disrupt solid materials such as pulp, flowers, stems and seeds to release juice or oils from the materials.

A system and method including providing a feed having alkyl-bridged multi-aromatic compounds to a tubular reactor, heating the tubular reactor, and cleaving an alkyl bridge of the alkyl-bridged multi-aromatic compounds.

An apparatus for disrupting solid materials suspended in a fluid medium includes a plurality of hammer elements that transfer acoustic energy from an acoustic transducer into a concentration zone between heads of the hammer elements and inner walls of a fluid duct which act as an anvil, thereby causing cavitations to form within the concentration zone. The transducer may be a cylindrical transducer compression fit into an acoustic projector from which the hammer elements extend towards a distal end, and mass balance elements extend towards a proximal end. The apparatus can be used to efficiently extract juice from fruit pulp, separate oils from plant matter, and process various organic and inorganic materials.

Disclosed is an apparatus and method for providing asymmetric oscillations to a container. The container may include a fluid, a particle, and/or a gas. A vibration driver attached to the container provides asymmetric oscillations. A controller connected to the vibration driver controls an amplitude, frequency, and shape of the asymmetric oscillations. An amplifier amplifies the asymmetric oscillations in response to the controller. A sensor disposed on the vibration driver provides feedback to the controller.

The invention relates to a method for controlling a chemical reaction which creates a product, wherein at least one reactant that is present in a liquid phase is subjected to a pressure change.

The present disclosure provides a differential hydrogenation reaction apparatus. The apparatus comprises a mixing vessel, a plurality of microreactors and a raw material conveying device, and the mixing vessel is provided with reaction product inlets; each microreactor is used as a hydrogenation reaction place and is provided with a liquid phase reaction raw material inlet and a reaction product outlet, each reaction product outlet is connected with the corresponding reaction product inlet, the plurality of microreactors are divided into one group or a plurality of groups which are arranged in parallel, and each group comprises at least one microreactor arranged in parallel; and the raw material conveying device is arranged on a feeding pipeline of the liquid phase reaction raw material inlet. The problems of high pressure unsafety and non-equilibrium in the hydrogenation reaction process can be effectively solved by adopting the reaction apparatus.

The present invention discloses processes for obtaining a color from an algal biomass. The process includes subjecting an algal biomass to cavitation, thus at least partially disrupting cells of the algal biomass and extracting color from the disrupted, algal biomass.

A system and method including providing a feed having alkyl-bridged multi-aromatic compounds to a tubular reactor, heating the tubular reactor, and cleaving an alkyl bridge of the alkyl-bridged multi-aromatic compounds.

A system and method removes bound water from partially dewatered sludge by cavitating the partially dewatered sludge mixture with air bubbles; irradiating the cavitated partially dewatered sludge with an electron beam to create ozone within air bubbles; and filtering the water from the irradiated cavitated partially dewatered sludge.

Chemical reactors (10) and methods crack hydrocarbons in process fluids by accelerating the process fluid to a velocity greater than Mach 1 with an axial impulse impeller (40) and generating a shock wave (90) in the process fluid by decelerating it in a static diffuser (70) having diverging diffuser passages (72). Temperature increase of the process fluid downstream of the shockwave cracks the entrained hydrocarbons in a single pass, through a unidirectional flow path (F), within a single stage, without recirculating the process fluid for another pass through the same stage. In some embodiments, the turbomachine chemical reactor (110) has multiple successive stages of one or more axial impulse impellers (40A, 40B), paired with a diverging passage, static diffuser (70). Successive stages crack additional hydrocarbons by successively raising temperature of the flowing process fluid.