The present invention relates to a process for conveniently preparing a supported cobalt-containing Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst having improved activity and selectivity for C.sub.5+hydrocarbons. In one aspect, the present invention provides a process for preparing a supported cobalt-containing Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst, said process comprising the steps of: (a) impregnating a support material with: i) a cobalt-containing compound and ii) acetic acid, or a manganese salt of acetic acid, in a single impregnation step to form an impregnated support material; and (b) drying and calcining the impregnated support material; wherein the support material impregnated in step (a) has not previously been modified with a source of metal other than cobalt; and wherein when the cobalt-containing compound is cobalt hydroxide, a manganese salt of acetic acid is not used in step (a) of the process.

Generally, it is disclosed a catalyst for use in a hydrotreating hydrocarbon feedstocks and the method of making such catalyst. It is generically provided that the catalyst comprises at least one Group VIB metal component, at least one Group VIII metal component, about 1 to about 30 wt % C, and preferably about 1 to about 20 wt % C, and more preferably about 5 to about 15 wt % C of one or more sulfur containing organic additive and a titanium-containing carrier component, wherein the amount of the titanium component is in the range of about 3 to about 60 wt %, expressed as an oxide (TiO.sub.2) and based on the total weight of the catalyst. The titanium-containing carrier is formed by co-extruding or precipitating a titanium source with a Al.sub.2O.sub.3 precursor to form a porous support material comprising Al.sub.2O.sub.3 or by impregnating a titanium source onto a porous support material comprising Al.sub.2O.sub.3.

A preparation method and use of a novel pure inorganic solid silicon-based sulfonic acid and/or phosphoric acid catalytic material are disclosed. The surface hydroxyl-rich metasilicic acid is used as the raw material, and by using a sulfonating reagent and/or phosphoric acid, the sulfonic acid group and/or the phosphoric acid group are bonded to the inorganic silicon material by chemical bonding to obtain a pure inorganic solid silicon-based sulfonic acid and/or phosphoric acid catalytic material. The catalytic material can be widely used in many acid-catalyzed organic reactions such as isomerization, esterification, alkylation, hydroamination of olefins, condensation, nitration, etherification, multi-component reactions and oxidation reactions. The inorganic solid silicon-based sulfonic acid and/or phosphoric acid catalytic material of the present invention has the advantages of high acid amount, high activity, good hydrothermal stability, no swelling, simple preparation, low cost, no pollution, no corrosion, easy separation and reusability.

A preparation method and use of a novel pure inorganic solid silicon-based sulfonic acid and/or phosphoric acid catalytic material are disclosed. The surface hydroxyl-rich metasilicic acid is used as the raw material, and by using a sulfonating reagent and/or phosphoric acid, the sulfonic acid group and/or the phosphoric acid group are bonded to the inorganic silicon material by chemical bonding to obtain a pure inorganic solid silicon-based sulfonic acid and/or phosphoric acid catalytic material. The catalytic material can be widely used in many acid-catalyzed organic reactions such as isomerization, esterification, alkylation, hydroamination of olefins, condensation, nitration, etherification, multi-component reactions and oxidation reactions. The inorganic solid silicon-based sulfonic acid and/or phosphoric acid catalytic material of the present invention has the advantages of high acid amount, high activity, good hydrothermal stability, no swelling, simple preparation, low cost, no pollution, no corrosion, easy separation and reusability.

A self-disinfecting photocatalyst sheet includes a substrate material and a photocatalyst layer with a primary photocatalyst and a secondary photocatalyst. The primary photocatalyst is a metal oxide photocatalyst, whereas the secondary photocatalyst is a metallic photocatalyst. The primary photocatalyst forms a covalent bond with the substrate material. The self-disinfecting photocatalyst sheet is photocatalytic active to different bands of wavelength. Another self-disinfecting photocatalyst sheet includes a substrate material, a prime material layer and a photocatalyst layer with a primary photocatalyst and a secondary photocatalyst. The prime material layer is between the substrate and the photocatalyst layer. The primary photocatalyst forms a covalent bond with the prime material.

The present invention relates to a honeycomb catalytic converter, including: a honeycomb structured body in which multiple through-holes are arranged longitudinally in parallel with one another with a partition wall therebetween; and Pd and Rh supported on the partition walls of the honeycomb structured body, wherein the honeycomb structured body is an extrudate containing a ceria-zirconia complex oxide and alumina, a Pd-carrying region where only Pd is supported is formed on the partition walls within a predetermined width from one end of the honeycomb structured body, and a Rh-carrying region where only Rh is supported is formed on the partition walls within a predetermined width from the other end of the honeycomb structured body, and the Pd-carrying region extends to at least 50% of the length of the honeycomb structured body, and the Rh-carrying region extends to at least 20% of the length of the honeycomb structured body.

A hydrolysis method for tert-butyl ester in gadolinium-based contrast agent comprises hydrolyzing the tert-butyl ester with a catalyst. The preparation method of the catalyst comprises the following steps: subjecting zirconia and titanium tetrachloride to reaction in the presence of sulfuric acid and water at 60° C. to 90° C. until solids are dissolved, adding silica to perform reaction for 1 to 5 h, filtering to obtain solids, washing and calcining the solids. This hydrolysis method does not introduce other substances that are difficult to remove, such as acids, and provides high hydrolysis efficiency and high purity of the obtained product.

A greenhouse according to the present invention includes: a ceiling portion; and in at least a portion of the ceiling portion, a glass sheet with a coating film. The glass sheet with a coating film has a total light transmittance of 90% to 98%, a haze ratio of 20% to 80%, and a hemispherical transmittance of 80% to 90%. When a test is performed according to JIS R 1703-1: 2007 by applying oleic acid to a surface of a coating film and subsequently irradiating the surface with ultraviolet light at an intensity of 1.0 mW/cm.sup.2, a time period from start of irradiation with the ultraviolet light to a point at which a water contact angle on the surface reaches 5° is 24 hours or less.

The present invention provides an oxidation catalyst composition suitable for at least partial conversion of gaseous hydrocarbon emissions, e.g., methane. The oxidation catalyst composition includes at least one platinum group metal (PGM) component supported onto a porous zirconia-containing material that provides an effect on hydrocarbon conversion activity. The porous zirconia-containing material is at least 90% by weight in the monoclinic phase. Furthermore, the PGM component can comprise at least one platinum group metal in the form of colloidally deposited nanoparticles. The oxidation catalyst composition can be used in the treatment of emissions from lean compressed natural gas engines.

A catalyst for methanation reaction and a method for preparing methane are provided. The catalyst for methanation reaction includes a core, a shell encapsulating the core, and an active metal. The core includes cerium dioxide (CeO.sub.2), the shell includes zirconium dioxide (ZrO.sub.2), and the active metal is in particle form and is disposed on an outer surface of the shell layer.