A method of producing a catalytic carbon fiber may include: oxidizing a virgin carbon fiber to produce an oxidized carbon fiber; reacting the oxidized carbon fiber with a polyamine compound to produce an amine modified carbon fiber; and reacting the amine modified carbon fiber with an organometallic macrocycle to produce the catalytic carbon fiber.

A catalyst having coke wherein the coke, upon analysis by infrared spectroscopy in diffuse reflection, has at least two peaks at a wavelength between 1450 cm.sup.−1 and 1700 cm.sup.−1.

The aforesaid catalyst having coke can be advantageously used in a process for the production of a diene, preferably a conjugated diene, more preferably 1,3-butadiene, said process having the dehydration of at least one alkenol having a number of carbon atoms greater than or equal to 4.

Preferably, the alkenol having a number of carbon atoms greater than or equal to 4 can be obtained directly from biosynthetic processes, or through catalytic dehydration processes of at least one diol.

When the alkenol is a butenol, the diol is preferably a butanediol, more preferably 1,3-butanediol, even more preferably bio-1,3-butanediol, i.e. 1,3-butanediol deriving from biosynthetic processes.

When the diol is 1,3-butanediol, or bio-1,3-butanediol, the diene obtained with the process is, respectively, 1,3-butadiene, or bio-1,3-butadiene.

In one aspect, the disclosure relates to relates to CO.sub.2-free methods of co-producing hydrogen and solid forms of carbon via methane decomposition. The methods are efficient, self-sustaining, and environmentally sound. In a further aspect, the disclosure relates to recyclable and recoverable catalysts supported by solid forms of carbon and methods for recycling the catalysts. In some aspects, the disclosure relates to catalysts that do not require support by solid forms of carbon. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present disclosure.

A method of preparing a mesoporous carbon composite material having a mesoporous carbon phase and preformed metal nanoparticles located within the mesoporous carbon phase. The present invention also relates to a mesoporous carbon composite material and to a substrate having a film of such mesoporous carbon composite material.

A method of preparing a mesoporous carbon composite material having a mesoporous carbon phase and preformed metal nanoparticles located within the mesoporous carbon phase. The present invention also relates to a mesoporous carbon composite material and to a substrate having a film of such mesoporous carbon composite material.

Proposed is a catalyst complex having high activity for carbon dioxide conversion reaction that converts carbon dioxide to useful compounds through reaction of carbon dioxide and hydrocarbon containing at least one hydroxyl group, and a carbon dioxide conversion process using the same, wherein the catalyst complex includes, as an active metal in the catalyst complex, at least one of noble metals and at least one of transition metals other than noble metals, thereby having high activity for the carbon dioxide conversion reaction.

Supported catalysts include a solid support, a metal-ligand complex tethered to a surface of the solid support through at least two surface reactive moieties of the metal-ligand complex, and a conformationally stable molecular pore defined between the metal-ligand complex and the surface of the solid support. The metal-ligand complex includes a catalytic metal center, such as a transition metal, coordinated with multiple monodentate ligands, a multidentate ligand, or a combination thereof. The ligands include a tethering portion that is terminated by a surface reactive moiety tethered to the surface of the solid support by a surface interaction. By tailoring the tethering portion, a volume of the molecular pore may be provided that is selective and suitable for a chosen reactant or a chosen reaction type.

Provided is a single step process for producing 2-methyltetrahydrofuran from furfuryl alcohol with high conversion rate and high selectivity towards 2-methyltetrahydrofuran.

Provided is a single step process for producing 2-methyltetrahydrofuran from furfuryl alcohol with high conversion rate and high selectivity towards 2-methyltetrahydrofuran.

The present invention provides a method for producing a nitrogen-doped highly graphitic porous carbon body, and a nitrogen-doped highly graphitic porous carbon body produced according to the same. Also, the present invention provides a method for producing a sulfur and nitrogen double-doped highly graphitic porous carbon body, a sulfur and nitrogen double-doped highly graphitic porous carbon body produced according to the same, and an electrode catalyst for a fuel cell and/or a water electrolysis reaction comprising the carbon body.