An electrode catalyst for a water electrolysis cell includes a catalyst, a support, and an organic compound. The catalyst is a layered double hydroxide that contains a chelating agent. The support contains a transition metal. The organic compound has an anionic functional group.

The present invention discloses a catalyst for in-situ CO2 capture and coupling reduction with biomass oxidation, a preparation method therefor and an application thereof. The catalyst is applied to the coupling reaction of photocatalytic CO2 reduction and biomass oxidation. The preparation of the catalyst is to synthesize layered double hydroxides (LDHs) containing CO32− between layers by using coprecipitation method, hydrothermal method, sol-gel method and the like, wherein the chemical formula is [M1-x2+Mx3+(OH)2]x+(An−)x/n.Math.mH2O, which has a thickness of 20-30 nm and an average particle diameter of 60-90 nm. Then metal ion vacancy defects are produced on LDHs laminate by using a NaOH/KOH selective etching to obtain the corresponding catalyst. The catalyst is used in photocatalytic reaction, characterized in that CO32− is continuously consumed in the reaction process, and the catalyst can absorb CO2 in the air for recovery after the reaction, and can be repeatedly used to continuously consume CO2 in the air, thus realizing the direct capture and effective utilization of CO2.

A process to synthesize a catalyst performing Water-Gas shift reaction at a temperature more than 300° C. using a precursor having general formula [(Cu, Zn).sub.1−x (Al, M).sub.x (OH).sub.2].sup.x+ (A.sup.n−.sub.x/n).kH.sub.2O with M=Al, La, Ga or In, A=CO.sub.3, 0.33<x<0.5, 1<n<3.

The invention concerns a synthesis process of a compound of the following formula (I) or one of the salts thereof,

##STR00001## wherein R represents a COOH, CH.sub.2OH or CHO group, comprising the step according to which the but-3-ene-1,2-diol (BDO) is subjected to an oxidation in the presence of a catalyst, said catalyst comprising an active phase based on at least one noble metal selected from palladium, gold, silver, platinum, rhodium, osmium, ruthenium and iridium, and a support containing alkaline sites.

The invention also concerns the application of this reaction to the preparation of bioavailable compounds of methionine used, in particular, in animal nutrition.

The present invention provides a catalyst comprising a transition metal, an inorganic support, a zeolite, and a layered double hydroxide. Using of the catalyst according to the present invention in an olefin production process exhibits high activity and high selectivity with decreased deactivation rate, therefore longer reaction cycle can be performed and catalyst life is prolonged.

The present invention relates to a catalyst system for olefin metathesis, the catalyst system comprising: a) a first system zone substantially comprising a layered double hydroxide; and b) a second system zone comprising a metathesis catalyst.

Disclosed is a method for preparing a material of plant origin rich in phenolic acids, including at least one metal, including: preparing a material of plant origin chosen from: aquatic plants; materials rich in tannins; materials rich in lignin; and obtaining a material of plant origin, rich in phenolic acids, in which the ratio of the intensity of the vibration band of the C═O bond of the COOH group and the intensity of each of the vibration bands the aromatic ring determined in FT-IR is between 0.5 and 4. The material of plant origin is brought into contact with an effluent including from 0.1 to 1000 mg/l of at least one metal, thus obtaining a material of plant origin rich in phenolic acids including from 1 to 30% by weight of at least one metal relative to the total weight of the material.

Solid base catalysts and their use for the base-catalyzed depolymerization (BCD) of lignin to compounds such as aromatics are presented herein. Exemplary catalysts include layered double hydroxides (LDHs) as recyclable, heterogeneous catalysts for BCD of lignin.

The present invention relates to heterogeneous acid catalysts comprising or consisting of mixed metal salts, of lithium and aluminum phosphates and sulfates, and combinations with metallic cations, such as magnesium, titanium, zinc, zirconium and gallium, to provide adequate Lewis acidity; organic or inorganic porosity promoters, such as polysaccharides; and agglomerates, such as clays, kaolin and metal oxides of the type M.sub.xO.sub.y, where; M=Al, Mg, Sr, Zr or Ti, and other metals of groups IA, IIA and IVB, x=1 or 2 and y=2 or 3, for the formation of particles. A process is disclosed for obtaining from the catalyst by the hydrolysis of aluminum lithium hydride with water and oxygenated solvent, such as an ether. The catalysts are used in batch reactor and continuous flow systems in reactions that require moderate Lewis acidity, such as refining, petrochemical and general chemistry, including the transesterification of glycerides to produce alkyl esters.

The present invention relates to a process for preparing an ester having formula R—COO—R′ (I), wherein R represents a group selected from: (i) a linear or branched alkyl, containing from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, (ii) an aryl containing from 6 to 12 carbon atoms, (iii) a heterocycle with 4 to 12 carbon atoms containing at least one heteroatom selected from O, N, P and S, R′ represents a linear or branched alkyl containing from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, said process comprising at least a phase of reacting a reaction mixture comprising at least one aldehyde having formula R—CHO (II), wherein R has the meanings defined above, and at least one alcohol having general formula R′—OH (III), wherein R′ has the meanings defined above, in the presence of at least one solid basic catalyst, at a temperature within the range of 120° C.-300° C., obtaining said ester having formula (I).