According to embodiments, a process for aromatizing hydrocarbons may include contacting the hydrocarbons with a zinc- or gallium-doped ZSM-5 catalyst having a mesopore volume of greater than 0.09 cm.sup.3/g. Contacting the hydrocarbons with the catalyst causes a least a portion of the hydrocarbons to undergo chemical reactions to form aromatic hydrocarbons.

According to embodiments, a process for aromatizing hydrocarbons may include contacting the hydrocarbons with a zinc- or gallium-doped ZSM-5 catalyst having a mesopore volume of greater than 0.09 cm.sup.3/g. Contacting the hydrocarbons with the catalyst causes a least a portion of the hydrocarbons to undergo chemical reactions to form aromatic hydrocarbons.

A method provides for valorization of naturally abundant organic solid biomass under a specified gas atmosphere with the existence of a catalyst structure. The method effectively converts the organic solid feedstock while producing valuable liquid hydrocarbon products, as well as utilizing methane rich resources, providing an economical and environmental benefit in the oil & gas industry.

Supported catalyst for use in a process for the synthesis of methanol, characterized in that the supported catalyst comprises indium oxide in the form of In.sub.2O.sub.3 and at least one noble metal being palladium, Pd, wherein both indium oxide and at least one noble metal are deposited on a support remarkable in that the supported catalyst is a calcined supported catalyst comprising from 0.01 to 10.0 wt. % of palladium and zirconium dioxide (ZrO.sub.2) in an amount of at least 50 wt. % on the total weight of said supported catalyst.

Supported catalyst for use in a process for the synthesis of methanol, characterized in that the supported catalyst comprises indium oxide in the form of In.sub.2O.sub.3 and at least one noble metal being palladium, Pd, wherein both indium oxide and at least one noble metal are deposited on a support remarkable in that the supported catalyst is a calcined supported catalyst comprising from 0.01 to 10.0 wt. % of palladium and zirconium dioxide (ZrO.sub.2) in an amount of at least 50 wt. % on the total weight of said supported catalyst.

The present invention relates generally to catalysts and methods for use in olefin production. More particularly, the present invention relates to novel amorphously supported single-center, Lewis acid metal ions and use of the same as catalysts.

The present invention relates generally to catalysts and methods for use in olefin production. More particularly, the present invention relates to novel amorphously supported single-center, Lewis acid metal ions and use of the same as catalysts.

A hybrid catalyst including a metal oxide catalyst component comprising chromium, zinc, and at least one additional metal selected from the group consisting of aluminum and gallium, and a microporous catalyst component that is a molecular sieve having 8-MR pore openings. The metal oxide catalyst component includes anatomic ratio of chromium:zinc (Cr:Zn) from 0.35 to 1.00, and the at least one additional metal is present in an amount from 25.0 at % to 40.0 at %. A process for preparing C2 and C3 olefins comprising: a) introducing a feed stream comprising hydrogen gas and a carbon-containing gas selected from the group consisting of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and mixtures thereof into a reaction zone of a reactor; and b) converting the feed stream into a product stream comprising C2 and C3 olefins in the reaction zone in the presence of said hybrid catalyst.

According to one or more embodiments described herein, a method for dehydrogenating hydrocarbons may include passing a hydrocarbon feed comprising one or more alkanes or alkyl aromatics into a fluidized bed reactor, contacting the hydrocarbon feed with a dehydrogenation catalyst in the fluidized bed reactor to produce a dehydrogenated product and hydrogen, and contacting the hydrogen with an oxygen-rich oxygen carrier material in the fluidized bed reactor to combust the hydrogen and form an oxygen-diminished oxygen carrier material. In additional embodiments, a dual-purpose material may be utilized which has dehydrogenation catalyst and oxygen carrying functionality.

According to one or more embodiments described herein, a method for dehydrogenating hydrocarbons may include passing a hydrocarbon feed comprising one or more alkanes or alkyl aromatics into a fluidized bed reactor, contacting the hydrocarbon feed with a dehydrogenation catalyst in the fluidized bed reactor to produce a dehydrogenated product and hydrogen, and contacting the hydrogen with an oxygen-rich oxygen carrier material in the fluidized bed reactor to combust the hydrogen and form an oxygen-diminished oxygen carrier material. In additional embodiments, a dual-purpose material may be utilized which has dehydrogenation catalyst and oxygen carrying functionality.