The present invention provides a preparation method for a nitrogen-doped carbon-loaded metal monatomic catalyst, including: mixing a soluble metallic salt, a hydroxylamine hydrochloride, a soluble carbon source, water, and ethanol, to obtain a mixed solution, then performing drying and precipitation, to obtain a catalyst precursor, and finally performing calcination, to obtain a nitrogen-doped carbon-loaded metal monatomic catalyst. In the present invention, the metallic salt, the hydroxylamine hydrochloride, and the carbon source are fully mixed in the solution, and after being dried, are calcined, to carbonize the carbon source, so that ammonium ions are decomposed into nitrogen-doped carbon, and meanwhile, metal atoms are loaded onto the nitrogen-doped carbon. The method is simple, and costs are low.

In general, disclosed herein are methods for forming hydrogen by use of an ammonia decomposition catalyst system. For instance, a method can include contacting a catalyst system with an ammonia source at a temperature of about 450? C. or lower. The catalyst systems can include a support material and a trimetallic catalyst component carried on the support material and within a reactor. Disclosed catalyst systems can decompose ammonia at relatively low temperatures and can provide an efficient and cost-effective route to utilization of ammonia as a carbon-free hydrogen storage and generation material.

A hydroprocessing catalyst or catalyst precursor has been developed. The catalyst is a unique transition metal tungsten oxy-hydroxide material. The hydroprocessing using the transition metal tungsten oxy-hydroxide material or the decomposition product thereof may include hydrodenitrification, hydrodesulfurization, hydrodemetallation, hydrodesilication, hydrodearomatization, hydroisomerization, hydrotreating, hydrofining, and hydrocracking.

The disclosure relates to a method for hydrofluorination of an olefin of the formula: RCXCYZ to produce a hydrofluoroalkane of formula RCXFCHYZ or RCXHCFYZ, wherein X, Y, and Z are independently the same or different and are selected from the group consisting of H, F, Cl, Br, and C.sub.1-C.sub.6 alkyl which is partially or fully substituted with chloro or fluoro or bromo; and R is a C.sub.1-C.sub.6 alkyl which is unsubstituted or substituted with chloro or fluoro or bromo, comprising reacting the olefin with HF in the liquid-phase, in the presence of SbF.sub.5, at a temperature ranging from about 30 C. to about 65 C. and compositions formed by the process.

Direct conversion of syngas to light olefins is carried out in a fixed bed or a moving bed reactor with a composite catalyst A+B. The active ingredient of catalyst A is active metal oxide; and catalyst B is one or more than one of zeolite of CHA and AEI structures or metal modified CHA and/or AEI zeolite. A spacing between geometric centers of the active metal oxide of the catalyst A and the particle of the catalyst B is 5 m-40 mm. A spacing between axes of the particles is preferably 100 m-5 mm, and more preferably 200 m-4 mm. A weight ratio of the active ingredients in the catalyst A and the catalyst B is within a range of 0.1-20 times, and preferably 0.3-5.

A hydroprocessing catalyst or catalyst precursor has been developed. The catalyst is a transition metal tungstate material, or the decomposition product thereof. The hydroprocessing using the crystalline transition metal molybdotungstate material may include hydrodenitrification, hydrodesulfurization, hydrodemetallation, hydrodesilication, hydrodearomatization, hydroisomerization, hydrotreating, hydrofining, and hydrocracking.

The invention relates to a process for the hydrogenation of vegetable oils that selectively converts polyunsaturated fatty acids into mono-unsaturated fatty acids, and to the products obtained therefrom. Vegetable oils obtained by the process according to the invention have a particularly high content of monounsaturated fatty acids and are suitable for use as raw materials for the synthesis of chemical intermediates.

The present invention relates to a fixed bed of catalytically active metal foam bodies having a volume of not more than 500 mL which consist to an extent of at least 95 wt % of metals. The fixed bed is used for catalytic reactions in a three-phase reaction mixture.

A denitrification catalyst using ceramic nanotubes grown on a porous metal structure, including: a porous metal structure having a plurality of pores formed between metal supports such that exhaust gas penetrates through the pores in multiple directions; ceramic nanotubes grown on the porous metal structure through anodic oxidation; and an active material uniformly and highly dispersed as a nano-thin film layer on inner and outer surfaces of the ceramic nanotubes through a deposition or supporting process.

Oxidative dehydrogenation catalysts comprising MoVNbTeO having improved consistency of composition and a 25% conversion of ethylene at less than 420? C. and a selectivity to ethylene above 95% are prepared by treating the catalyst precursor with H.sub.2O.sub.2 in an amount equivalent to 0.30-2.8 mL H.sub.2O.sub.2 of a 30% solution per gram of catalyst precursor prior to calcining.