The present invention relates to a process for the one-pot hydrogenation and dehydration or isomerization of an organic compound, and to a catalyst composition for this process comprising transition metal particles having particle size below 50 nm supported on a material comprising at least one fluorinated polymer (P), wherein polymer (P) bears —SO.sub.2X functional groups, X being selected from X′ and OM, X′ being selected from the groups consisting of F, Cl, Br and I; and M being selected from the group consisting of H, and alkaline metal and NH.sub.4.

In a method of manufacturing a bimetallic catalyst for reductively decomposing nitrate nitrogen, a powder including a trivalent iron oxide, a powder including a trivalent iron oxyhydroxide powder or a combination thereof is mixed in an aqueous solution. A copper precursor and a palladium precursor are mixed in the aqueous solution to form a precursor mixture. The precursor mixture is dried. The dried precursor mixture is fired at a temperature from about 300° C. to about 450° C. to form a fired product. The fired product is reduced by a reducing agent. A hydrochloric acid solution is mixed in the aqueous solution, or mixed with the copper precursor or the palladium precursor.

In a method of manufacturing a bimetallic catalyst for reductively decomposing nitrate nitrogen, a powder including a trivalent iron oxide, a powder including a trivalent iron oxyhydroxide powder or a combination thereof is mixed in an aqueous solution. A copper precursor and a palladium precursor are mixed in the aqueous solution to form a precursor mixture. The precursor mixture is dried. The dried precursor mixture is fired at a temperature from about 300° C. to about 450° C. to form a fired product. The fired product is reduced by a reducing agent. A hydrochloric acid solution is mixed in the aqueous solution, or mixed with the copper precursor or the palladium precursor.

A system for reducing ammonia (NH.sub.3) emissions includes (a) a first component comprising a first substrate containing a three-way catalyst, wherein the first component is disposed upstream of a second component comprising a second substrate containing an ammonia oxidation catalyst, wherein said ammonia oxidation catalyst comprises a small pore molecular sieve supporting at least one transition metal; and (b) an oxygen-containing gas input disposed between the components. For example, a CHA Framework Type small pore molecular sieve may be used. A method for reducing NH.sub.3 emission includes introducing an oxygen-containing gas into a gas stream to produce an oxygenated gas stream; and exposing the oxygenated gas stream to an NH.sub.3 oxidation catalyst to selectively oxidize at least a portion of the NH.sub.3 to N.sub.2. The method may further include the step of exposing a rich burn exhaust gas to a three-way catalyst to produce the gas stream comprising NH.sub.3.

A catalyst includes a gas-permeable textile sheet material made of noble-metal-containing wire having a three-dimensional secondary structure produced thereon. The secondary structure is a three-dimensional dent structure including dents arranged adjacent to each other in rows in two spatial directions. The dents are in the form of a hexagon. The dent structure is formed by self-organization in a denting process.

Embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to a diesel reformer system comprising: a diesel autothermal reforming unit; a post-reforming unit disposed downstream of the autothermal reforming unit; a heat exchanger disposed downstream of the post-reforming unit; and a desulfurization unit disposed downstream of the heat exchanger.

Embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to a diesel reformer system comprising: a diesel autothermal reforming unit; a post-reforming unit disposed downstream of the autothermal reforming unit; a heat exchanger disposed downstream of the post-reforming unit; and a desulfurization unit disposed downstream of the heat exchanger.

Systems and methods for producing butadiene are disclosed. In a reaction unit, n-butane is dehydrogenated in the presence of a double-dehydrogenation catalyst to produce a mixture that includes butadiene and unreacted n-butane. An extractive distillation unit that uses soybean oil as the solvent is utilized to extract at least some of the unreacted n-butane from the mixture.

A catalyst system for dewaxing of a hydrocarbon feedstock comprising a mixture of a first dewaxing catalyst composition and a second dewaxing catalyst composition, wherein the first dewaxing catalyst composition is a ZSM-12 zeolite based catalyst composition and the second dewaxing catalyst composition is a EU-2 and/or ZSM-48 zeolite based catalyst composition, and wherein a concentration gradient of the mixture is achieved within a single catalyst bed, such that the concentration of the first dewaxing catalyst is decreasing and the concentration of the second dewaxing catalyst is increasing through the catalyst bed; and a process for dewaxing of a hydrocarbon feedstock comprising contacting the hydrocarbon feedstock with said catalyst system.

A catalyst system for dewaxing of a hydrocarbon feedstock comprising a mixture of a first dewaxing catalyst composition and a second dewaxing catalyst composition, wherein the first dewaxing catalyst composition is a ZSM-12 zeolite based catalyst composition and the second dewaxing catalyst composition is a EU-2 and/or ZSM-48 zeolite based catalyst composition, and wherein a concentration gradient of the mixture is achieved within a single catalyst bed, such that the concentration of the first dewaxing catalyst is decreasing and the concentration of the second dewaxing catalyst is increasing through the catalyst bed; and a process for dewaxing of a hydrocarbon feedstock comprising contacting the hydrocarbon feedstock with said catalyst system.