A catalyst for COS hydrolysis includes titanium dioxide and a barium compound supported on the titanium dioxide. The catalyst, when expressing Ba and S in the catalyst in terms of BaO and SO.sub.3, respectively, has a molar ratio of SO.sub.3 to BaO of at least 1. The catalyst converts COS and H.sub.2O in a raw material gas to CO.sub.2 and H.sub.2S.

A catalyst for COS hydrolysis includes titanium dioxide and a barium compound supported on the titanium dioxide. The catalyst, when expressing Ba and S in the catalyst in terms of BaO and SO.sub.3, respectively, has a molar ratio of SO.sub.3 to BaO of at least 1. The catalyst converts COS and H.sub.2O in a raw material gas to CO.sub.2 and H.sub.2S.

The present invention is directed to a shaped catalyst body for preparing ethylene oxide, which comprises at least silver, cesium and rhenium applied to an alumina support, wherein the alumina support comprises Si, Ca, and Mg in a defined amount. Furthermore, the present invention is directed to a process for preparing the catalyst according to the present invention and process for preparing ethylene oxide by gas-phase oxidation of ethylene by means of oxygen in the presence of a shaped catalyst body according to the present invention.

Catalyst comprising nickel and sulfur on an alumina support, said catalyst being characterized in that: the nickel is distributed both on a crust at the periphery of the support, and in the core of the support, the thickness of said crust being between 2% and 15% of the diameter of the catalyst; the nickel density ratio between the crust and the core is strictly greater than 3; said crust comprises more than 25% by weight of nickel element relative to the total weight of nickel contained in the catalyst, the size of the nickel particles in the catalyst, measured in oxide form, is between 7 and 25 nm.

Catalyst comprising nickel and sulfur on an alumina support, said catalyst being characterized in that: the nickel is distributed both on a crust at the periphery of the support, and in the core of the support, the thickness of said crust being between 2% and 15% of the diameter of the catalyst; the nickel density ratio between the crust and the core is strictly greater than 3; said crust comprises more than 25% by weight of nickel element relative to the total weight of nickel contained in the catalyst, the size of the nickel particles in the catalyst, measured in oxide form, is between 7 and 25 nm.

A composition includes an aqueous solution including at least one fluorinated organic compound; and a reaction product of a source of iron(II) and a source of sulfite in the presence of water and molecular hydrogen. A method of making a catalyst includes reacting a source of iron(II) and a source of sulfite in the presence of water and molecular hydrogen. The water may include less than or equal to 1 weight percent dissolved molecular oxygen. The catalyst may be used for degrading fluorinated organic chemicals in aqueous media.

A composition includes an aqueous solution including at least one fluorinated organic compound; and a reaction product of a source of iron(II) and a source of sulfite in the presence of water and molecular hydrogen. A method of making a catalyst includes reacting a source of iron(II) and a source of sulfite in the presence of water and molecular hydrogen. The water may include less than or equal to 1 weight percent dissolved molecular oxygen. The catalyst may be used for degrading fluorinated organic chemicals in aqueous media.

A method for producing biodiesel using a sulfonated, carbonaceous catalyst produced from rice husk, Moringa seeds, or algae biomass, a method for producing the catalyst, and the catalyst itself.

The oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) and the oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) of ethane and higher hydrocarbons is described using SO.sub.3 and sulfate, sulfite, bisulfite and metabifulfite salts as oxygen transfer agents in the presence of one or more elements selected from Groups 3 to 14 of the periodic table, optionally further in the presence of alkali or alkaline salts and/or sulfur-containing compounds.

The oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) and the oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) of ethane and higher hydrocarbons is described using SO.sub.3 and sulfate, sulfite, bisulfite and metabifulfite salts as oxygen transfer agents in the presence of one or more elements selected from Groups 3 to 14 of the periodic table, optionally further in the presence of alkali or alkaline salts and/or sulfur-containing compounds.