The invention relates to a process of catalytic conversion by dehydro steam cracking of paraffinic and naphthenic hydrocarbons from a naphtha feedstock to propylene in presence of steam, comprising the following steps: a. providing a naphtha feedstock (1) containing one or more paraffins and/or naphthene's comprising 4 to 10 carbons atoms; b. contacting (3) said naphtha feedstock (1) with a catalyst composition in the presence of steam in a reaction zone under dehydro steam cracking conditions at a temperature of at most 650 C., resulting in the production of an effluent (5); c. recovering the effluent of step b) and separating (7) it into a converted fraction (9) and an unconverted fraction (11), wherein the unconverted fraction (11) comprises propane and one or more paraffins comprising 4 to 10 carbons atoms; and d. submitting the unconverted fraction (11) to a steam cracking step;
wherein the catalyst composition comprises one or more acid zeolite catalysts comprising at least one 10-membered ring channels, and one or more soft dehydrogenation elements containing basic compounds selected from rare-earth or alkaline earth metals oxide, salts or hydroxide.

The invention relates to a process of catalytic conversion by dehydro steam cracking of paraffinic and naphthenic hydrocarbons from a naphtha feedstock to propylene in presence of steam, comprising the following steps: a. providing a naphtha feedstock (1) containing one or more paraffins and/or naphthene's comprising 4 to 10 carbons atoms; b. contacting (3) said naphtha feedstock (1) with a catalyst composition in the presence of steam in a reaction zone under dehydro steam cracking conditions at a temperature of at most 650 C., resulting in the production of an effluent (5); c. recovering the effluent of step b) and separating (7) it into a converted fraction (9) and an unconverted fraction (11), wherein the unconverted fraction (11) comprises propane and one or more paraffins comprising 4 to 10 carbons atoms; and d. submitting the unconverted fraction (11) to a steam cracking step;
wherein the catalyst composition comprises one or more acid zeolite catalysts comprising at least one 10-membered ring channels, and one or more soft dehydrogenation elements containing basic compounds selected from rare-earth or alkaline earth metals oxide, salts or hydroxide.

The present disclosure relates to a composition that includes a first oxide having a phosphate, a ratio of Brnsted acid sites to Lewis acid sites between 0.05 and 1.00, and a total acidity between 50 mol/g and 300 mol/g, where the phosphate is at least one of a functional group covalently bonded to the first oxide and/or an anion ionically bonded to the first oxide.

The invention relates to a catalyst and catalyst layer and process for preparing dimethyl ether from synthesis gas or methanol as well as the use of the catalyst or catalyst layer in this process.

The invention relates to a catalyst and catalyst layer and process for preparing dimethyl ether from synthesis gas or methanol as well as the use of the catalyst or catalyst layer in this process.

An oligomerization catalyst, oligomer products, methods for making and using same. The catalyst can include a supported nickel phosphate compound. The catalyst is stable at oligomerization temperatures of 500 C. or higher and particularly useful for making oligomer products containing C4 to C26 olefins having a boiling point in the range of 170 C. to 360 C.

A composite photocatalyst is provided. The composite photocatalyst includes a nanomotor and a plurality of cocatalysts, the nanomotor comprises a shell formed by porous material, at least one inner core formed by a photocatalyst, and a cavity between the shell and the at least one inner core, the plurality of cocatalysts are located in the cavity. The plurality of cocatalysts are selected from the group consisting of metal nanoparticles, metal oxide nanoparticles, metal sulfide nanoparticles, phosphate nanoparticles, up-conversion material nanoparticles, and any combination thereof. A method for making the composite photocatalyst and application thereof are further provided. The plurality of cocatalysts and the nanomotor forms a photocatalytic synergistic reaction system, improving photo-catalytic activity of the composite photocatalyst.

Carbon-doped graphitic carbon nitride (g-C.sub.3N.sub.4) compositions are synthesized from the chemical precursors melamine, cyanuric acid and barbituric acid. Phosphorus-doped g-C.sub.3N.sub.4 compositions are synthesized from the chemical precursors melamine, cyanuric acid and etidronic acid. Carbon- and phosphorus-doped g-C.sub.3N.sub.4 compositions, when in the presence of UV or visible light, can be used in water treatment systems to photocatalytically degrade persistent organic micropollutants such as pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs), endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs), pesticides, and herbicides. Carbon- and phosphorus-doped g-C.sub.3N.sub.4 compositions can also be applied to surfaces of household and public items to kill protozoa, eukaryotic parasites, algal pathogens, bacteria, fungi, prions, viruses, or other microorganisms, preventing the transfer thereof between users.

Carbon-doped graphitic carbon nitride (g-C.sub.3N.sub.4) compositions are synthesized from the chemical precursors melamine, cyanuric acid and barbituric acid. Phosphorus-doped g-C.sub.3N.sub.4 compositions are synthesized from the chemical precursors melamine, cyanuric acid and etidronic acid. Carbon- and phosphorus-doped g-C.sub.3N.sub.4 compositions, when in the presence of UV or visible light, can be used in water treatment systems to photocatalytically degrade persistent organic micropollutants such as pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs), endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs), pesticides, and herbicides. Carbon- and phosphorus-doped g-C.sub.3N.sub.4 compositions can also be applied to surfaces of household and public items to kill protozoa, eukaryotic parasites, algal pathogens, bacteria, fungi, prions, viruses, or other microorganisms, preventing the transfer thereof between users.

A bifunctional catalyst for example for conversion of oxygenates, said bifunctional catalyst comprising zeolite, alumina binder, Zn and P, wherein Zn is present at least partly as ZnAl.sub.2O.sub.4.