We provide a process for regenerating a spent acidic ionic liquid, comprising contacting the spent acidic ionic liquid with hydrogen and without an addition of a hydrogenation catalyst; wherein a conjunct polymer content is decreased in the spent acidic ionic liquid to produce regenerated acidic ionic liquid. We also provide a process for making an alkylate gasoline blending component, comprising: a) alkylating a mixture of isoparaffins and olefins using an acidic ionic liquid and an alkyl halide or a hydrogen halide, wherein a conjunct polymer accumulates in a spent acidic ionic liquid; and b) feeding the spent acidic ionic liquid and a hydrogen, and without an addition of a hydrogenation catalyst, to a regeneration reactor operated under selected hydrogenation conditions to produce a regenerated acidic ionic liquid that is used for the alkylating, wherein the conjunct polymer in the regenerated acidic ionic liquid is decreased by at least 50 wt %.

Disclosed herein are methods to rejuvenate a deactivated hydroformylation catalyst solution wherein the solution comprises rhodium, polyphosphoramidite ligands, and polyphosphoramidite ligand degradation products. In some embodiments, such methods comprise adding a peroxide to the deactivated hydroformylation catalyst solution.

The present disclosure provides a method that embodies a simple and effective route to remove homogeneous catalysts from solutions wherein NMR/MRI signal amplification by reversible exchange (SABRE) or parahydrogen-induced polarization (PHIP) is performed. A method for recovering a homogeneous SABRE/PHIP catalyst for reuse is also described.

A catalyst and a method for preparing S-indoxacarb using the catalyst. The catalyst is prepared using 3-tert-butyl-5-(chloromethyl)salicylaldehyde and cyclohexanediamine as raw materials, where an original quinine catalyst such as cinchonine is replaced with the catalyst for application in the asymmetric synthesis of tert-butyl hydroperoxide and 5-chloro-2-methoxycarbonyl-1-indanone ester, greatly improving selection in the asymmetric synthesis process, with the S-enantiomer content increasing from 75% to over 98%, achieving the recycling of a high-efficiency chiral catalyst, and greatly reducing production costs. The synthesis process of the catalyst is simple and is favorable for industrialization, and lays good foundations for the production of high-quality indoxacarb.

This invention relates to a polymerization catalyst system comprising group 8 or 9 containing non-coordinating anion activator, a polymerization catalyst compound, optional support, and optional scavenger. Preferably, the activator comprises a compound represented by the formula: H.sub.s(L).sub.mM where M is a group 8 or 9 metal, s is 0 or 1, m 1, 2, 3, or 4, each L ligand is independently C≡O, NR.sub.3, PR.sub.3, where each R, independently is halogen, haloalkyl, or haloaryl) or optionally two or more L ligands may together form a multiply-valent ligand complex. Further, this invention relates to anon-coordinating anion activator represented by the formula: [Z.sub.d].sup.+[H.sub.sL.sub.mM].sup.d−, where M, s, m, L, are as defined above, d is 1, 2, or 3 and Z is (L′-H) or a reducible Lewis acid; L′ is a neutral Lewis base; H is hydrogen, and (L′-H) is a Bronsted acid. This invention also relates to a process for making a polymeric product comprising contacting a C2-C40 alpha-olefin feed with the polymerization catalyst system to obtain a polymerization reaction mixture; and obtaining a polymer product from the polymerization reaction mixture.

Provided is a hydro-regeneration catalyst system, comprising: (a) a first graded bed comprising a guard bed material; and (b) a second graded bed, fluidly connected to the first graded bed, comprising a noble metal catalyst on a support having mesopores and macropores; wherein the noble metal catalyst has an average pore diameter of 20 to 1,000 nm (0.02 to 1 μm), a total pore volume of greater than 0.80 cc/g, and a macropore volume of 0.10 to 0.50 cc/g. Also provided is a guard bed system, comprising: (a) a first guard bed comprising a first adsorbent having 10 μm or larger pores with an average pore diameter of 100 to 1,000 μm; and (b) a second guard bed fluidly connected to the first guard bed, comprising a second adsorbent material having mesopores and macropores with a second average pore diameter of 20 to 1,000 nm.

Provided is a hydro-regeneration catalyst system, comprising: (a) a first graded bed comprising a guard bed material; and (b) a second graded bed, fluidly connected to the first graded bed, comprising a noble metal catalyst on a support having mesopores and macropores; wherein the noble metal catalyst has an average pore diameter of 20 to 1,000 nm (0.02 to 1 μm), a total pore volume of greater than 0.80 cc/g, and a macropore volume of 0.10 to 0.50 cc/g. Also provided is a guard bed system, comprising: (a) a first guard bed comprising a first adsorbent having 10 μm or larger pores with an average pore diameter of 100 to 1,000 μm; and (b) a second guard bed fluidly connected to the first guard bed, comprising a second adsorbent material having mesopores and macropores with a second average pore diameter of 20 to 1,000 nm.

A simple approach to produce mixed Cu/Cu.sub.2O nanocrystals having a specific morphology by controlling the reaction temperature during Cu/Cu.sub.2O nanocrystals synthesis. Other variables are kept constant, such as the amount of reactants, while the reaction temperatures is maintained at a predetermined temperature of 70 C., 30 C. or 0 C., which are used to produce different and controlled morphologies for the Cu/Cu.sub.2O nanocrystals. The reaction mixture includes a copper ion contributor, a capping agent, a pH adjustor, and reducing agent. The reaction mixture is held at the predetermined temperature for three hours to produce the Cu/Cu.sub.2O nanocrystals. The synthesis method has advantages such as mass production, easy operation, and high reproducibility.

A method including hydroformylating, with syngas, allyl alcohol in an allyl alcohol feed, to produce a hydroformylation product comprising 4-hydroxybutyraldehyde and 3-hydroxy-2-methylpropionaldehyde; and producing a 1,4-butanediol (BDO) product comprising BDO and 1,3-methylpropanediol via hydrogenation of at least a portion of the hydroformylation product. A method including hydroformylating, with syngas, allyl alcohol in a feed comprising bio-allyl alcohol, to produce a hydroformylation product comprising 4-hydroxybutyraldehyde and 3-hydroxy-2-methylpropionaldehyde; and producing a BDO product comprising BDO and 1,3-methylpropanediol via hydrogenation of at least a portion of the hydroformylation product. A method including hydroformylating, with syngas, bio-allyl alcohol in a feed comprising bio-allyl alcohol, to produce a hydroformylation product comprising 4-hydroxybutyraldehyde and 3-hydroxy-2-methylpropionaldehyde; producing a BDO product comprising BDO and 1,3-methylpropanediol via hydrogenation of at least a portion of the hydroformylation product; and removing a byproduct of the production of the bio-allyl alcohol prior to hydroformylating the bio-allyl alcohol and/or from the BDO-product.

A catalyst system for the conversion of glycerin to allyl alcohol, the catalyst system comprising: a rhenium compound selected from rhenium dioxide, rhenium trioxide, and a combination thereof. A method of producing allyl alcohol from glycerin via the catalyst system, the method comprising exposing glycerin to a temperature of greater than 140 C. in the presence of a catalyst comprising rhenium trioxide, rhenium dioxide, or a combination thereof to produce a product comprising allyl alcohol.