Catalysts for hydrogenation of CO.sub.2 to dimethyl ether. These catalysts comprise 0.1-10 wt % per total catalyst weight of a catalytic material containing Pd (e.g. metallic palladium), 0.05-5 wt % per total catalyst weight of a promoter containing Ca (e.g. metallic calcium), as well as 85-99 wt % of CeO.sub.2 as a catalyst support. Methods of preparing and characterizing the catalysts as well as processes for catalyzing the hydrogenation of CO.sub.2 to dimethyl ether and other byproducts such as methanol, carbon monoxide, and methane portrayed by reactant conversion, product selectivity, and catalyst stability are disclosed.

The present invention provides a monatomic metal-doped few-layer molybdenum disulfide electrocatalytic material, a preparing method thereof, and a method for electrocatalytic nitrogen fixation. The material has a few-layer ultra-thin and irregular flake-like microstructure with a length and a width of nanometer scale. A doping metal in the monatomic metal-doped few-layer molybdenum disulfide electrocatalytic material is dispersed in a form of single atoms. When the catalyst is used in electrochemical reduction of N.sub.2, a Faradic efficiency in selective reduction of N.sub.2 into NH.sub.4.sup.+ is 18% or above, and stability of the catalyst is better.

An ebullated bed process for the hydroconversion of heavy hydrocarbon feedstocks that provides for high conversion of the heavy hydrocarbon with a low sediment yield. The process uses for its catalyst bed an impregnated shaped ebullated bed catalyst having a low macroporosity and a geometry such that its characteristic cross section perimeter-to-cross sectional area is within a specifically defined range.

An inorganic oxide material doped with nano-rare earth oxide particles that is capable of trapping one or more of NO.sub.x or SO.sub.x at a temperature that is less than 400 C. The nano-rare earth oxide particles have a particle size that is less than 10 nanometers. The catalyst support can trap at least 0.5% NO.sub.2 at a temperature less than 350 C. and/or at least 0.4% SO.sub.2 at a temperature less than 325 C. The catalyst support can trap at least 0.5% NO.sub.2 and/or at least 0.2% SO.sub.2 at a temperature that is less than 250 C. after being aged at 800 C. for 16 hours in a 10% steam environment. The catalyst support exhibits at least a 25% increase in capacity for at least one of NO.sub.x or SO.sub.x trapping at a temperature that is less than 400 C. when compared to a conventional rare earth doped support in a 10% steam environment.

A method of making a multicomponent photocatalyst, includes inducing precipitation from a pre-cursor solution comprising a pre-cursor of a plasmonic material and a pre-cursor of a reactive component to form co-precipitated particles; collecting the co-precipitated particles; and annealing the co-precipitated particles to form the multicomponent photocatalyst comprising a reactive component optically, thermally, or electronically coupled to a plasmonic material.

In an aspect, the present disclosure provides a method for the oxidative coupling of methane to generate hydrocarbon compounds containing at least two carbon atoms (C.sub.2+ compounds). The method can include mixing a first gas stream comprising methane with a second gas stream comprising oxygen to form a third gas stream comprising methane and oxygen and performing an oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) reaction using the third gas stream to produce a product stream comprising one or more C.sub.2+ compounds.

The invention relates to a composition that contains a first semiconductor SC1, particles that comprise one or more element(s) M in the metal state selected from among an element of groups IVB, VB, VIB, VIIB, VIIIB, IB, IIB, IIIA, IVA and VA of the periodic table, and a second semiconductor SC2 that comprises indium oxide, with said first semiconductor SC1 being in direct contact with said particles that comprise one or more element(s) M in the metal state, with said particles being in direct contact with said second semiconductor SC2 that comprises indium oxide in such a way that the second semiconductor SC2 covers at least 50% of the surfaces of the particles that comprise one or more element(s) M in the metal state. The invention also relates to its preparation method as well as its application of photocatalysis.

The present invention relates to a catalyst for decomposition of nitrous oxide and also to its method of preparation and use.

The invention is directed to hollow zeolite encapsulated metal particle catalysts where the metal particle is contained in the hollow of the zeolite, their preparation method by depositing metal particle precursors and subsequent removal of said metal particle precursors from the surface of the hollow zeolite while retaining those in the cavity of the hollow zeolite, and the catalysts' use in selective benzene alkylation.

Porous, extruded titania-based materials further comprising mesopores and macropores and/or prepared using one or more porogens, Fischer-tropsch catalysts comprising them, uses of the foregoing, processes for making and using the same and products obtained from such processes.