Synthesis of aromatic hydrocarbons from synthesis gas in a fixed bed or a moving bed reactor loaded with a composite catalyst comprising Catalyst Component A and Catalyst Component B mixed via a mechanical mixing mode, wherein the active ingredient of the Catalyst Component A is active metal oxides; and the Catalyst Component B is one or both of ZSM-5 zeolite and metal modified ZSM-5; the pressure of the synthesis gas is 0.1-6 MPa; the reaction temperature is 300-600 C.; and the space velocity is 500-8000 h.sup.1. The reaction process has a high product yield and selectivity, with the selectivity of aromatics reaching 50-85%, while the selectivity of the methane byproduct is less than 15%.

A catalyst includes a support, where the support includes an external surface, about 60 wt % to about 99 wt % silica, and about 1.0 wt % to about 5.0 wt % alumina. A catalytic layer is disposed within the support adjacent to the external surface, where the catalytic layer further includes Pd, Au, and potassium acetate (KOAc). In the catalyst, (a) the KOAc is from about 60 kg/m.sup.3 to about 150 kg/m.sup.3 of the catalyst; or (b) the catalytic layer has an average thickness from about 50 m to about 150 m; or (c) both (a) and (b). The catalyst also possesses a Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area of about 130 m.sup.2/g to about 300 m.sup.2/g and a geometric surface area per packed bed volume from about 550 m.sup.2/m.sup.3 to about 1500 m.sup.2/m.sup.3. The catalyst is highly active for the synthesis of vinyl acetate monomer and exhibits a high selectivity for vinyl acetate monomer.

A functional structural body includes a skeletal body of a porous structure composed of a zeolite-type compound, and at least one type of metallic nanoparticles present in the skeletal body, the skeletal body having channels connecting with each other, the metallic nanoparticles being present at least in the channels of the skeletal body.

Disclosed is a process for the conversion of acyclic C.sub.5 feedstock to a product comprising cyclic C.sub.5 compounds, including cyclopentadiene, and formulated catalyst compositions for use in such process. The process comprises contacting the feedstock and, optionally, hydrogen under acyclic C.sub.5 conversion conditions in the presence of a catalyst composition to form the product. The catalyst composition comprises a microporous crystalline metallosilicate, a Group 10 metal or compound thereof, a binder, optionally, a metal selected from the group consisting of rare earth metals, metals of Groups 8, 9, or 11, mixtures or combinations thereof, or a compound thereof, in combination with a Group 1 alkali metal or a compound thereof and/or a Group 2 alkaline earth metal or a compound thereof.

A microspherical fluid catalytic cracking catalyst includes zeolite, and alkali metal ion or alkaline earth metal ion.

A catalyst system for dewaxing of a hydrocarbon feedstock comprising at least two catalytic sections, the first section comprising a first dewaxing catalyst and a subsequent section comprising a second dewaxing catalyst, wherein the first dewaxing catalyst is a ZSM-12 zeolite based catalyst and the second dewaxing catalyst is a EU-2 and/or ZSM-48 zeolite based catalyst. The catalyst system displays enhanced performance when compared to systems containing either ony ZSM-12 based catalyst or EU-2/ZSM-48 based catalyst only.

To provide a structured catalyst for catalytic cracking or hydrodesulfurization that suppresses decline in catalytic activity, achieves efficient catalytic cracking, and allows simple and stable obtaining of a substance to be modified. The structured catalyst for catalytic cracking or hydrodesulfurization (1) includes a support (10) of a porous structure composed of a zeolite-type compound and at least one type of metal oxide nanoparticles (20) present in the support (10), in which the support (10) has channels (11) that connect with each other, the metal oxide nanoparticles (20) are present at least in the channels (11) of the support (10), and the metal oxide nanoparticles (20) are composed of a material containing any one or two more of the oxides of Fe, Al, Zn, Zr, Cu, Co, Ni, Ce, Nb, Ti, Mo, V, Cr, Pd, and Ru.

A bulk three-dimensional (3-D) catalyst and methods of making and use are described herein. The bulk three-dimensional (3-D) catalyst is formed from a catalytically active metal or metal alloy and has a sulfurized or oxidized outer surface.

A preparation method for a molecular sieve-multiple oxide composite integral extrusion type denitration catalyst includes constructing an organic structure coating on the surface of a metal ion-exchanged molecular sieves and synchronously adding multiple oxide components, thus obtaining an ion-exchanged molecular sieve-multiple oxide composite denitration catalyst active component; and then mixing, kneading into paste, staling, carrying out integral extrusion forming, drying, and calcining, thus obtaining the integral extrusion type denitration catalyst. The molecular sieve-multiple oxide composite integral extraction type denitration catalyst has a denitration efficiency more than 80% at the temperature ranging from 250 C. to 420 C. in the presence of 10% steam and 500 ppm sulfuric dioxide.

A catalyst comprising one or more metal oxides, wherein the catalyst has a total pore volume equal to or greater than 0.3 cm.sup.3/g and a mean pore diameter greater than or equal to 90 , where in the pore volume is measured using N.sub.2 adsorption porosimetry and the mean pore diameter is measured using N.sub.2 BET adsorption porosimetry.