Oxidative dehydrogenation catalysts comprising MoVNbTeO having improved consistency of composition and a 25% conversion of ethylene at less than 420° C. and a selectivity to ethylene above 95% are prepared by treating the catalyst precursor with H.sub.2O.sub.2 in an amount equivalent to 0.30-2.8 mL H.sub.2O.sub.2 of a 30% solution per gram of catalyst precursor prior to calcining.

Oxidative dehydrogenation catalysts comprising MoVNbTeO having improved consistency of composition and a 25% conversion of ethylene at less than 420° C. and a selectivity to ethylene above 95% are prepared by treating the catalyst precursor with H.sub.2O.sub.2 in an amount equivalent to 0.30-2.8 mL H.sub.2O.sub.2 of a 30% solution per gram of catalyst precursor prior to calcining.

Methods and catalysts for producing benzyl alcohol and homologues thereof from short-chain alcohols by catalytic conversion are disclosed. The methods and catalysts develop a new route for benzyl alcohols and ethyl benzyl alcohols production through cross coupling-aromatization reaction using short-chain alcohols as reactants and provide corresponding catalysts required for the above catalytic reaction. It is emphasized on a single bed catalyst to produce benzyl alcohol and its homologues in one step, and is expected to become an important alternative route for the production of benzyl alcohol and its homologues. A route and corresponding catalysts for directly producing benzyl alcohol and ethyl benzyl alcohol through coupling-aromatization reaction starting from low carbon alcohols are provided. The selectivity of the benzyl alcohol is up to 35%, and the total selectivity of the ethyl benzyl alcohol is up to 11%.

Methods and catalysts for producing benzyl alcohol and homologues thereof from short-chain alcohols by catalytic conversion are disclosed. The methods and catalysts develop a new route for benzyl alcohols and ethyl benzyl alcohols production through cross coupling-aromatization reaction using short-chain alcohols as reactants and provide corresponding catalysts required for the above catalytic reaction. It is emphasized on a single bed catalyst to produce benzyl alcohol and its homologues in one step, and is expected to become an important alternative route for the production of benzyl alcohol and its homologues. A route and corresponding catalysts for directly producing benzyl alcohol and ethyl benzyl alcohol through coupling-aromatization reaction starting from low carbon alcohols are provided. The selectivity of the benzyl alcohol is up to 35%, and the total selectivity of the ethyl benzyl alcohol is up to 11%.

Bulk-metal crystalline catalysts for conversion of synthesis gas to olefins are described. Also described are method of making the catalyst. A bulk metal catalyst can include a first transition metal core surrounded by a silica-alkaline earth metal framework crystal lattice and includes at least one transition metal atoms bound to periphery of the framework crystal lattice. The two transition metals can be iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), manganese (Mn), rhodium (Rh), ruthenium (Ru) and combinations thereof.

Bulk-metal crystalline catalysts for conversion of synthesis gas to olefins are described. Also described are method of making the catalyst. A bulk metal catalyst can include a first transition metal core surrounded by a silica-alkaline earth metal framework crystal lattice and includes at least one transition metal atoms bound to periphery of the framework crystal lattice. The two transition metals can be iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), manganese (Mn), rhodium (Rh), ruthenium (Ru) and combinations thereof.

Disclosed is an application of an ionic iron (III) complex as a catalyst in preparation of a benzylamine compound, that is, an ionic iron (III) complex having a molecular formula of [(RNCHCHNR)CH][FeBr.sub.4] (R is tert-butyl) and containing 1,3-di-tert-butyl imidazolium cation is used as a catalyst, di-tert-butyl peroxide is used as an oxidizing agent, and a benzylamine compound is synthesized by oxidation reaction of a toluene/ethylbenzene compound with an aromatic amine. The present invention has a wide application range, and is applicable not only to a toluene compound containing a benzylic primary carbon-hydrogen bond but also to an ethylbenzene compound containing a benzyl secondary carbon-hydrogen bond. This is the first example of the preparation of a benzylamine compound by oxidation reaction of a toluene/ethylbenzene compound and an aromatic amine by an iron-based catalyst.

Disclosed is an application of an ionic iron (III) complex as a catalyst in preparation of a benzylamine compound, that is, an ionic iron (III) complex having a molecular formula of [(RNCHCHNR)CH][FeBr.sub.4] (R is tert-butyl) and containing 1,3-di-tert-butyl imidazolium cation is used as a catalyst, di-tert-butyl peroxide is used as an oxidizing agent, and a benzylamine compound is synthesized by oxidation reaction of a toluene/ethylbenzene compound with an aromatic amine. The present invention has a wide application range, and is applicable not only to a toluene compound containing a benzylic primary carbon-hydrogen bond but also to an ethylbenzene compound containing a benzyl secondary carbon-hydrogen bond. This is the first example of the preparation of a benzylamine compound by oxidation reaction of a toluene/ethylbenzene compound and an aromatic amine by an iron-based catalyst.

Provided herein is an alkane dehydrogenation catalyst, a method of manufacturing an alkane dehydrogenation catalyst, and a method of converting alkanes to alkenes.

Provided herein is an alkane dehydrogenation catalyst, a method of manufacturing an alkane dehydrogenation catalyst, and a method of converting alkanes to alkenes.