There are provided methods of treating a catalyst-containing reactor system with a liquid solvent to remove contaminants from the reactor system. An exemplary method includes the steps of: isolating the reactor system to be treated from upstream and downstream equipment; reducing the temperature and pressure of the isolated reactor system by flushing with a hydrogen rich gas; injecting a non-aqueous liquid solvent into the reactor system at an injection point while continuously flowing hydrogen-rich gas through the reactor system; maintaining the solvent in a liquid state while flowing the solvent continuously through the reactor system; and terminating the step of injecting solvent and terminating the continuous flowing of hydrogen-rich gas. The exemplary method is free of the injecting of a carrier gas into the reactor system comprising alkanes selected from the methane, ethane, propane, butane and pentane.

There are provided methods of treating a catalyst-containing reactor system with a liquid solvent to remove contaminants from the reactor system. An exemplary method includes the steps of: isolating the reactor system to be treated from upstream and downstream equipment; reducing the temperature and pressure of the isolated reactor system by flushing with a hydrogen rich gas; injecting a non-aqueous liquid solvent into the reactor system at an injection point while continuously flowing hydrogen-rich gas through the reactor system; maintaining the solvent in a liquid state while flowing the solvent continuously through the reactor system; and terminating the step of injecting solvent and terminating the continuous flowing of hydrogen-rich gas. The exemplary method is free of the injecting of a carrier gas into the reactor system comprising alkanes selected from the methane, ethane, propane, butane and pentane.

An aftertreatment system comprises an aftertreatment component. An outlet sensor is positioned downstream of the aftertreatment component. A controller is communicatively coupled to the outlet sensor. The controller is configured to interpret an outlet signal from the outlet sensor. The outlet signal is indicative of a performance of the aftertreatment component. The controller determines if the aftertreatment component has deactivated. In response to determining that the aftertreatment component has deactivated, the controller provides a catalyst active material to at least a portion of the aftertreatment component. The catalyst active material coats at least the portion of the aftertreatment component so as to remanufacture the aftertreatment component.

A process for dehydrogenating alkane or alkylaromatic compounds comprising contacting the given compound and a dehydrogenation catalyst in a fluidized bed. The dehydrogenation catalyst is prepared from an at least partially deactivated platinum/gallium catalyst on an alumina-based support that is reconstituted by impregnating it with a platinum salt solution, then calcining it at a temperature from 400° C. to 1000° C., under conditions such that it has a platinum content ranging from 1 to 500 ppm, based on weight of catalyst; a gallium content ranging from 0.2 to 2.0 wt %; and a platinum to gallium ratio ranging from 1:20,000 to 1:4. It also has a Pt retention that is equal to or greater than that of a fresh catalyst being used in a same or similar catalytic process.

Embodiments of the present disclosure describe a treated iron ore catalyst. Embodiments of the present disclosure further describe a method of preparing a treated iron ore catalyst comprising dehydrating an iron ore, milling the iron ore to a selected particle size, and reducing the iron ore to form a treated iron ore catalyst. Another embodiment of the present disclosure is a method of using a treated iron ore catalyst comprising contacting a feed gas with a treated iron ore catalyst to produce hydrogen and graphene.

Provided is a hydro-regeneration catalyst system, comprising: (a) a first graded bed comprising a guard bed material; and (b) a second graded bed, fluidly connected to the first graded bed, comprising a noble metal catalyst on a support having mesopores and macropores; wherein the noble metal catalyst has an average pore diameter of 20 to 1,000 nm (0.02 to 1 μm), a total pore volume of greater than 0.80 cc/g, and a macropore volume of 0.10 to 0.50 cc/g. Also provided is a guard bed system, comprising: (a) a first guard bed comprising a first adsorbent having 10 μm or larger pores with an average pore diameter of 100 to 1,000 μm; and (b) a second guard bed fluidly connected to the first guard bed, comprising a second adsorbent material having mesopores and macropores with a second average pore diameter of 20 to 1,000 nm.

Provided is a hydro-regeneration catalyst system, comprising: (a) a first graded bed comprising a guard bed material; and (b) a second graded bed, fluidly connected to the first graded bed, comprising a noble metal catalyst on a support having mesopores and macropores; wherein the noble metal catalyst has an average pore diameter of 20 to 1,000 nm (0.02 to 1 μm), a total pore volume of greater than 0.80 cc/g, and a macropore volume of 0.10 to 0.50 cc/g. Also provided is a guard bed system, comprising: (a) a first guard bed comprising a first adsorbent having 10 μm or larger pores with an average pore diameter of 100 to 1,000 μm; and (b) a second guard bed fluidly connected to the first guard bed, comprising a second adsorbent material having mesopores and macropores with a second average pore diameter of 20 to 1,000 nm.

The disclosure provides a short-process separation system for separating ionic liquid from alkylation reaction effluent, comprising an alkylation reactor, an ionic liquid storage tank, a primary coalescence separator, a secondary coalescence separator, a flash tank, a low-temperature fine coalescence separator and a fractionating tower that are linked in order. The inlet of the ionic liquid storage tank communicates with the bottom flow ports of the primary coalescence separator, the secondary coalescence separator and the low-temperature fine coalescence separator through delivery lines, and the outlet of the ionic liquid storage tank communicates with the return port of the alkylation reactor through a delivery pump. The alkylated oil collected from this system has a high degree of cleanliness, and can be used directly as a component for formulating clean gasoline. The ionic liquid catalyst collected therefrom may be directly returned to the alkylation reactor for cycle use.

The disclosure provides a short-process separation system for separating ionic liquid from alkylation reaction effluent, comprising an alkylation reactor, an ionic liquid storage tank, a primary coalescence separator, a secondary coalescence separator, a flash tank, a low-temperature fine coalescence separator and a fractionating tower that are linked in order. The inlet of the ionic liquid storage tank communicates with the bottom flow ports of the primary coalescence separator, the secondary coalescence separator and the low-temperature fine coalescence separator through delivery lines, and the outlet of the ionic liquid storage tank communicates with the return port of the alkylation reactor through a delivery pump. The alkylated oil collected from this system has a high degree of cleanliness, and can be used directly as a component for formulating clean gasoline. The ionic liquid catalyst collected therefrom may be directly returned to the alkylation reactor for cycle use.

A recyclable ceramic catalyst filter, a filtering system including the same, and a method of managing the filtering system are provided. The ceramic catalyst filter has a monolithic structure including a first surface which blocks a first material; and a second surface which removes a second material that passed through the first surface, where the second surface is activated and operates as a catalyst layer which removes the second material in response to energy supplied to the second surface.