Sorbent cartridge systems useful in regenerating or purifying dialysis solutions are described as well as methods to regenerate or purify spent dialysis solutions. Dialysis systems using the sorbent cartridge system of the present invention are further described.

Sorbent cartridge systems useful in regenerating or purifying dialysis solutions are described as well as methods to regenerate or purify spent dialysis solutions. Dialysis systems using the sorbent cartridge system of the present invention are further described.

A filter system comprises a hollow fiber membrane filter having pores; and an electrostatic adsorption filter partially or wholly having positive charges to be ion adsorbed with nanoparticles of negative charges by an electrostatic attraction, the nanoparticles which exist in the water, and the electrostatic adsorption filter configured to remove in advance the nanoparticles from the water to be supplied to the hollow fiber membrane filter, to prevent a water passing amount of the hollow fiber membrane filter from being rapidly reduced. According to the present invention, the viruses existing in raw water may be removed in accordance with a size exclusion mechanism of the hollow fiber membrane filter, and the nanoparticles, which cause the reduction of the water passing amount of the hollow fiber membrane filter, may be removed using the electrostatic adsorption filter.

A filter system comprises a hollow fiber membrane filter having pores; and an electrostatic adsorption filter partially or wholly having positive charges to be ion adsorbed with nanoparticles of negative charges by an electrostatic attraction, the nanoparticles which exist in the water, and the electrostatic adsorption filter configured to remove in advance the nanoparticles from the water to be supplied to the hollow fiber membrane filter, to prevent a water passing amount of the hollow fiber membrane filter from being rapidly reduced. According to the present invention, the viruses existing in raw water may be removed in accordance with a size exclusion mechanism of the hollow fiber membrane filter, and the nanoparticles, which cause the reduction of the water passing amount of the hollow fiber membrane filter, may be removed using the electrostatic adsorption filter.

An aspect of the disclosure relates to a dialysate regenerator, including: a purification means; at least one reversible retainer including an ion reservoir; a dialysate flow path including a dialysate inlet for receiving a dialysate, a dialysate outlet for dispensing the dialysate, the purification means and the at least one reversible retainer: a pump connected to the dialysate flow path and configured to generate a flow of the dialysate from the dialysate inlet via the reversible retainer and the purification means to the dialysate outlet, wherein a direction of the dialysate flow path through the reversible retainer is reversible.

An aspect of the disclosure relates to a dialysate regenerator, including: a purification means; at least one reversible retainer including an ion reservoir; a dialysate flow path including a dialysate inlet for receiving a dialysate, a dialysate outlet for dispensing the dialysate, the purification means and the at least one reversible retainer: a pump connected to the dialysate flow path and configured to generate a flow of the dialysate from the dialysate inlet via the reversible retainer and the purification means to the dialysate outlet, wherein a direction of the dialysate flow path through the reversible retainer is reversible.

The invention relates to devices, systems, and methods for mixing one or more solutions to generate a recharge solution having specified concentrations of hydroxide and free chlorine for recharging and disinfecting zirconium oxide in reusable sorbent modules. The devices, systems, and methods can generate a recharge solution by a sorbent recharger that is introduced through the sorbent module to recharge the zirconium oxide.

The invention relates to devices, systems, and methods for mixing one or more solutions to generate a recharge solution having specified concentrations of hydroxide and free chlorine for recharging and disinfecting zirconium oxide in reusable sorbent modules. The devices, systems, and methods can generate a recharge solution by a sorbent recharger that is introduced through the sorbent module to recharge the zirconium oxide.

An aspect of the disclosure relates to a dialysate regenerator for connecting to a dialysis apparatus, the dialysate regenerator including a regenerator inlet for receiving dialysate; a regenerator outlet for dispensing regenerated dialysate; a hydraulic circuit connected between the regenerator inlet and the regenerator outlet, and further including a fluid portioning system to divide a dialysate flow into uniform portions for sequential regeneration An aspect of the disclosure relates to a dialysis system including a dialysis apparatus including: a fresh dialysate input; a spent dialysate output; and the dialysate regenerator, wherein the regenerator inlet may be coupled to the spent dialysate output for receiving spent dialysate, and wherein the regenerator outlet may be coupled to the fresh dialysate input for dispensing regenerated dialysate.

An aspect of the disclosure relates to a dialysate regenerator for connecting to a dialysis apparatus, the dialysate regenerator including a regenerator inlet for receiving dialysate; a regenerator outlet for dispensing regenerated dialysate; a hydraulic circuit connected between the regenerator inlet and the regenerator outlet, and further including a fluid portioning system to divide a dialysate flow into uniform portions for sequential regeneration An aspect of the disclosure relates to a dialysis system including a dialysis apparatus including: a fresh dialysate input; a spent dialysate output; and the dialysate regenerator, wherein the regenerator inlet may be coupled to the spent dialysate output for receiving spent dialysate, and wherein the regenerator outlet may be coupled to the fresh dialysate input for dispensing regenerated dialysate.